首页
登录
职称英语
Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal point
Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal point
游客
2025-04-08
3
管理
问题
Traditionally, the study of history has had fixed boundaries and focal points — periods, countries, dramatic events, and great leaders. It has also had clear and firm notions of scholarly procedure: how one inquires into a historical problem, how one presents and documents one’s findings, what constitutes admissible and adequate proof.
Anyone who has followed recent historical literature can testify to the revolution that is taking place in historical studies. The currently fashionable subjects come directly from the sociology catalog: childhood, work, leisure. The new subjects are accompanied by new methods. Where history once was primarily narrative, it is now entirely analytic. The old questions "What happened?" and "How did it happen?" have given way to the question "Why did it happen?" Prominent among the methods used to answer the question "Why" is psychoanalysis, and its use has given rise to psychohistory.
Psychohistory does not merely use psychological explanations in historical context. Historians have always used such explanations when they were appropriate and when there was sufficient evidence for them. But this practical use of psychology is not what psychohistorians intend. They are committed not just to psychology in general, but to Freudian psychoanalysis. This commitment precludes a commitment history as historians have always understood it. Psychohistory derives its "facts" not from history, the detailed records of events and their consequences, but from psychoanalysis of the individuals who made history, and deduces its theories not from this or that instance in their lives, but from a view of human nature that transcends history. It denies the basic criterion of historical evidence that evidence be publicly accessible to, and therefore assessable by, all historians. And it violates the basic tenet of historical method: that historians be alert to the negative instances that would refute their lightness of their theses. Psychohisotrians, convinced of the absolute lightness of their own theories, are also convinced that theirs is the "deepest" explanation of any event, which other explanations fall short of the truth.
Psychohistory is not content to violate the discipline of history(in the sense of the proper mode of studying and writing about the past); it also violates the past itself. It denies to the past an integrity and will of its own, in which people acted out of a variety of motives and in which events had a multiplicity of causes and effects. It imposes upon the past the same determinism that it imposes upon the present, thus robbing people and events of their individuality and of their complexity. Instead of respecting the particularity of the past, it assimilates all events, past and present, into a single deterministic schema that is presumed to be true at all times and in all circumstances. [br] The author mentions which of the following as a characteristic of the practice of psychohistorians?
选项
A、The lives of historical figures are presented in episodic rather than narrative form.
B、Archives used by psychohistorians to gather material are not accessible to other scholars.
C、Past and current events are all placed within the same deterministic schema.
D、Events in the adult life of a historical figure are seen to be more consequential than are those in the childhood of the figure.
答案
C
解析
细节推理题。原文尾段尾句all,events,deterministic schema与选项C重现,原句中的past andpresent与选项C中的Past and current对应。故答案为C。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4031468.html
相关试题推荐
Changesinartandculturalhistoryhaveneverbeeneasytoassimilatetopo
Changesinartandculturalhistoryhaveneverbeeneasytoassimilatetopo
Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoint
Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoint
Traditionally,thestudyofhistoryhashadfixedboundariesandfocalpoint
Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,if
Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,if
Ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,if
ThemostthoroughlystudiedintellectualsinthehistoryoftheNewWorldar
ThemostthoroughlystudiedintellectualsinthehistoryoftheNewWorldar
随机试题
Fromherepeoplecanseethebridge______construction.A、belowB、byC、underD、on
Nearlysixyearsafterthesequenceofthehumangenomewassketchedout,on
Prolonginghumanlifehasincreasedthesizeofthehumanpopulation.Manyp
硝酸酯类药物舒张血管的作用机制是()A. B. C.促进钾通道开放 D
根据《劳动法》,有下列情形,用人单位不得解除劳动合同的是()。A、劳动者患病,医
萜类是异戊二烯的聚合体,三萜的基本骨架是由几分子异戊二烯聚合成的A.2B.3C.
患者说:“我已经3天没有大便了,肚子很胀。”护士说:“您刚才说您已经3天未解大便
单院长,值得这个时代给他一个美好的“下场” 故宫会记住单霁翔。我们也会。
甲公司对投资性房地产采用公允价值模式进行后续计量,2×16年至2×18年
患者诉自己的血液凝固了,身体干枯了,变成了僵尸,该症状属A.思维联想障碍 B.
最新回复
(
0
)