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  3. The human ear contains the organ for hearing and the organ for balance. Both

The human ear contains the organ for hearing and the organ for balance. Both

游客2025-04-06  22
问题     The human ear contains the organ for hearing and the organ for balance. Both organs involve fluid-filled channels containing hair cells that produce electrochemical impulses when the hairs are stimulated by moving fluid.
    The ear can be divided into three regions: outer, middle, and inner. The outer ear collects sound waves and directs them to the eardrum separating the outer ear from the middle ear. The middle ear conducts sound vibrations through three small bones to the inner ear. The inner ear is a network of channels containing fluid that moves in response to sound or movement.
    To perform the function of hearing, the ear converts the energy of pressure waves moving through the air into nerve impulses that me brain perceives as sound. Vibrating objects, such as the vocal cords of a speaking person, create waves in me surrounding air. These waves cause the eardrum to vibrate with the same frequency. The three bones of the middle ear amplify and transmit the vibrations to the oval window, a membrane on the surface of the cochlea, the organ of hearing. Vibrations of me oval window produce pressure waves in the fluid inside me cochlea. Hair cells in the cochlea convert the energy of the vibrating fluid into impulses that travel along the auditory nerve to the brain.
    The organ for balance is also located in the inner ear. Sensations related to body position are generated much like sensations of sound. Hair cells in the inner ear respond to changes in head position with respect to gravity and movement. Gravity is always pulling down on the hairs, sending a constant series of impulses to the brain. When the position of the head changes—as when the head bends forward—the force on the hair cells changes its output of nerve impulses. The brain then interprets these changes to determine the head’s new position. [br] What can be inferred about the organs for hearing and balance?
选项 A、Both organs evolved in humans at the same time.
B、Both organs send nerve impulses to the brain.
C、Both organs contain the same amount of fluid.
D、Both organs are located in me ear’s middle region.
答案 B
解析 事实细节题。选项A与C在文中未提及。由第四段第一句“The organ for balance is also locatedin the inner eat”可排除D选项。第一段第二句提及两个器官都通过含有毛细胞的通道，并且这些毛细胞在受刺激时会产生电化学冲击波，由此可知答案为B。
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