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  3. What is it that keeps the developing world in an apparent state of perpetual

What is it that keeps the developing world in an apparent state of perpetual

游客2025-04-06  32
问题     What is it that keeps the developing world in an apparent state of perpetual poverty? Poor education, lack of basic medical care, and the absence of democratic structures all certainly contribute to these nations’ plight. However, according to Peruvian economist Hernando de Soto, the overriding cause is the overwhelming prevalence of black market activity, well outside the formal economy, in these countries. The losses incurred from this condition are twofold. First, they deny the government tax revenues which could be used to improve education, medical treatment, and government efficiency. More important, however, they deny earners the chance to accumulate assets recognized by law and thus prevent them from leveraging those assets to borrow. Reforming these nations’ legal systems in order to confer ownership through tilting, de Soto argues, would help the poor there access the assets their work should be generating. These assets could then be used to buy homes and construct businesses, thus building a more stable and prosperous economy. De Soto estimates the value of these assets, which he terms "dead capital, "at nearly $ 10 trillion world wide.
    De Soto is not the first to locate the developing world’s problems in the domain of property rights. Others have tried property rights reform and failed. According to de Soto, this is because his predecessors attempted to model their plans on existing, successful property rights systems. In other words, they tried to transplant American and British property law to an inhospitable host. De Soto argues that, within many of the extralegal markets of the developing world, mutually agreed upon rules for distributing assets and recognizing property rights already exist. Rather than force these markets to adjust to a new, foreign system of property tilting, reformers should focus on codifying the existing systems wherever it is practical to do so. This would facilitate a quicker, more natural transition to an economy that builds wealth rather than squanders it. [br] According to the passage, de Soto believes that the quickest way to address poverty in the developing world is to
选项 A、increase funding for education
B、build the infrastructure to support lending
C、ensure medical care for all citizens
D、aggressively root out corruption in government
答案 B
解析 根据短文，德索托认为，应对发展中国家贫困的最快捷的方法是构建一些基础设施以支持放贷。第一段第三句到第一段倒数第二句是答案的依据。
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