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  3. It has long been a tenet of business theory that the best decisions are made

It has long been a tenet of business theory that the best decisions are made

游客2025-04-06  27
问题     It has long been a tenet of business theory that the best decisions are made after careful review and consideration. Only after weighing all the options and studying projections, say most professionals of business, can a practical decision be made.
    Now that model is being questioned by some business thinkers in the light of the theories of Malcolm Gladwell, who states that human beings often make better decisions in the blink of an eye.
    It is, at first glance, a theory so counter-intuitive as to seem almost ludicrous. Behind any decision, Gladwell posits, there is a behind-the-scenes subconscious process in which the brain analyzes; ranks in order of importance; compares and contrasts vast amounts of information; and dismisses extraneous factors, seemingly almost instantaneously, often arriving at a conclusion in less than two seconds. Citing a multitude of studies and examples from life, Gladwell shows how that split-second decision is often better informed than a drawn-out examination.
    Evanston and Cramer were the first to apply this theory to the business world. Evanston videotaped the job interviews of 400 applicants at different firms. He then played only 10 seconds of each videotape to independent human resources specialists. The specialists were able to pick out the applicants who were hired with an accuracy of over 90%.
    Cramer took the experiment even further, using only 5 seconds of videotape, without sound. To his astonishment, the rate of accuracy with which the HR specialists were able to predict the successful applicants fell only to 82%.
    Critics argue that these results illustrate a problem with stereotyping that impedes human resources specialists from hiring the best candidates even when they have the time to get below the surface: going for the candidate who "looks the part. " Gladwell argues that, on the contrary, the human mind is able to make complicated decisions quickly, and that intuition often trumps an extended decision-making process. [br] The author most likely mentions the results of Cramer’s extension of Evanston’s experiment in order to
选项 A、show that Cramer’s hypothesis was correct while Evanston’s hypothesis turned out to be incorrect
B、show that Evanston’s hypothesis was correct, while Cramer’s hypothesis turned out to be incorrect
C、demonstrate that while both experiments were scientifically rigorous, neither ended up being scientifically valid
D、illustrate that the principle of subconscious decisions continues to work even when less information is available
答案 D
解析 作者提到，克莱默改进埃文斯顿实验拘结果很可能是为了说明：即使获取很少的信息，下意识的决定的原理仍然起作用。根据第五段，克莱默将实验推进了一步，只用了5秒钟的录像，录像没有配音。让他吃惊的是，人力资源专家能够预言优秀的求职者的准确率仅下降到82％。
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