首页
登录
职称英语
The learning paradox is at the heart of "productive failure, " a phenomenon
The learning paradox is at the heart of "productive failure, " a phenomenon
游客
2025-04-06
0
管理
问题
The learning paradox is at the heart of "productive failure, " a phenomenon identified by Manu Kapur, a researcher at the Learning Sciences Lab at the National Institute of Education of Singapore. Kapur points out that while the model adopted by many teachers and employers when introducing others to new knowledge—providing lots of structure and guidance early on, until the students or workers show that they can do it on their own — makes intuitive sense, it may not be the best way to promote learning. Rather, it’s better to let the neophytes wrestle with the material on their own for a while, refraining from giving them any assistance at the start. In a paper published earlier this year in The Journal of the Learning Sciences , Kapur and a co-author, Katerine Bielaczyc, applied the principle of productive failure to mathematical problem solving in three schools in Singapore.
With one group of students, the teacher provided strong "scaffolding"—instructional support—and feedback. With the teacher’s help, these pupils were able to find the answers to their set of problems. Meanwhile, a second group was directed to solve the same problems by collaborating with one another, absent any prompts from their instructor. These students weren’t able to complete the problems correctly. But in the course of trying to do so, they generated a lot of ideas about the nature of the problems and about what potential solutions would look like. And when the two groups were tested on what they’d learned, the second group "significantly outperformed" the first.
The apparent struggles of the floundering group have what Kapur calls a "hidden efficacy": they lead people to understand the deep structure of problems, not simply their correct solutions. When these students encounter a new problem of the same type on a test, they’re able to transfer the knowledge they’ve gathered more effectively than those who were the passive recipients of someone else’s expertise.
In the real world, problems rarely come neatly packaged, so being able to discern their deep structure is a key. But, Kapur notes, none of us like to fail, no matter how often Silicon Valley entrepreneurs praise the salutary effects of an idea that flops or a start-up that crashes and burns. So, he says, we need to "design for productive failure" by building it into the learning process. Kapur has identified three conditions that promote this kind of beneficial struggle. First, choose problems to work on that "challenge hut do not frustrate." Second, provide learners with opportunities to explain and elaborate on what they’re doing. Third, give learners the chance to compare and contrast good and bad solutions to the problems. And to those students and workers who protest this tough-love teaching style: you’ll thank me later. [br] The word "neophytes" in paragraph 2 means
选项
A、teachers
B、employers
C、entrepreneurs
D、beginners
答案
D
解析
第二段的neophytes是指初学者。第二段末尾说,让初学者在一段时间内独立地应付学习材料更好,在一开始不要给他们任何帮助。at the start让人想起biginners(初学者,新手),它与neophytes的意思相同。另外,neophytes中的neo一是个构词成分,有new(新)的意思。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4028575.html
相关试题推荐
Inordertobemoreproductiveandefficient,theboarddecidedto______asound
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitu
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitu
Ofalltheareasoflearningthemostimportantisthedevelopmentofattitu
Aprovocativenewbook,AcademicallyAdrift-.LimitedLearningonCollegeCa
Aprovocativenewbook,AcademicallyAdrift-.LimitedLearningonCollegeCa
Thelearningparadoxisattheheartof"productivefailure,"aphenomenon
Thelearningparadoxisattheheartof"productivefailure,"aphenomenon
Thelearningparadoxisattheheartof"productivefailure,"aphenomenon
Theboycouldnotreconcilehimselftothefailure.Hedidnotbelievethatwas
随机试题
PASSAGEFOUR[br]Accordingtothepassage,whatcouldbebroughtaboutbyself-
Mrs.Sommersonedayfoundherselftheunexpectedpossessoroffifteendoll
中国特色社会主义进入新时代,我国社会主要矛盾已经转化为人民日益增长的____需要
矛盾的基本属性是( )。A.普遍性和特殊性 B.斗争性和同一性 C.绝对性
在工程施工过程中,费用偏差是指工程项目或成本的()之间的差额。A:预测值与计划
A.地高辛 B.利尿剂 C.手术 D.扩血管药物 E.泼尼松室间隔缺损伴
从客户对理财规划需求的角度看,客户信息包括( )。 Ⅰ.基本信息 Ⅱ.财务
(____)kV变电站基建工程竣工(预)验收由省公司或地市公司(省检修公司)运检
材料: 从最根本的意义上来说,文学是一项寻求认同的事业——作者通过写作来寻求理
男性,30岁。头昏、乏力2年,血压160/100mmHg(21.3/13.3kP
最新回复
(
0
)