首页
登录
职称英语
In 1896 a Georgia couple suing for damages in the accidental death of their
In 1896 a Georgia couple suing for damages in the accidental death of their
游客
2025-04-02
37
管理
问题
In 1896 a Georgia couple suing for damages in the accidental death of their two year old was told that since the child had made no real economic contribution to the family, there was no liability for damages. In contrast, less than a century later, in 1979, the parents of a three year old sued in New York for accidental-death damages and won an award of $ 750, 000.
The transformation in social values implicit in just a posing these two incidents is the subject of Viviana Zelizer’s excellent book, Pricing the Priceless Child. During the nineteenth century, she argues, the concept of the "useful" child who contributed to the family economy gave way gradually to the present-day notion of the "useless" child who, though producing no income for, and indeed extremely costly to, its parents, is yet considered emotionally "priceless". Well established among segments of the middle and upper classes by the mid-1800’s, this new view of childhood spread through-out society in the late-nineteenth and early-twentieth centuries as reformers introduced child-labor regulations and compulsory education laws predicated in part on the assumption that a child’s emotional value made child labor taboo.
For Zelizer the origins of this transformation were many and complex. The gradual erosion of children’s productive value in a maturing industrial economy, the decline in birth and death rates, especially in child mortality, and the development of the companionate family(a family in which members were united by explicit bonds of love rather than duty)were all factors critical in changing the assessment of children’s worth. Yet "expulsion of children from the ’ cash nexus’ , ... although clearly shaped by profound changes in the economic, occupational, and family structures," Zelizer maintains. "Was also part of a cultural process ’of sacralization’ of children’s lives. " Protecting children from the crass business world became enormously important for late-nineteenth-century middle-class Americans, she suggests; this sacralization was a way of resisting what they perceived as the relentless corruption of human values by the marketplace.
In stressing the cultural determinants of a child’s worth. Zelizer takes issue with practitioners of the new " sociological economics" , who have analyzed such traditionally sociological topics as crime, marriage, education, and health solely in terms of their economic determinants. Allowing only a small role for cultural forces in the form of individual "preferences" , these sociologists tend to view all human behavior as directed primarily by the principle of maximizing economic gain. Zelizer is highly critical of this approach, and emphasizes instead the opposite phenomenon: the power of social values to transform price. As children became more valuable in emotional terms, she argues, their " exchange" or "surrender" value on the market, that is, the conversion of their intangible worth into cash terms, became much greater. [br] Zelizer refers to all of the following as important influences in changing the assessment of children’s worth except changes in______.
选项
A、the mortality rate
B、the nature of industry
C、the nature of the family
D、attitudes toward reform movements
答案
D
解析
本题是细节题。从关键词assessment of children’s worth可找到对应的原文第三段“…the decline in birth and death rates,especially in child mortality,and thedevelopment of the companionate family...were all factors critical in changing theassessment of children’s worth”,此句明确指出引起孩子货币价值转变的因素有:经济方面的、职业方面的、家庭结构方面的,还有前面提到的孩子的死亡率。由此可知D是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4023700.html
相关试题推荐
In1896aGeorgiacouplesuingfordamagesintheaccidentaldeathoftheir
In1896aGeorgiacouplesuingfordamagesintheaccidentaldeathoftheir
In1896aGeorgiacouplesuingfordamagesintheaccidentaldeathoftheir
In1896aGeorgiacouplesuingfordamagesintheaccidentaldeathoftheir
Theoldcoupledecidedto______aboyandagirlthoughtheyhadthreechildreno
Everymonththeoldcoupleputasidealittlesumofmoneywhich______urgentuse
Collapsesthisspringatacoupleofancientsitesherecausedwearyarchaeo
Collapsesthisspringatacoupleofancientsitesherecausedwearyarchaeo
Collapsesthisspringatacoupleofancientsitesherecausedwearyarchaeo
Theseexamplesshowthatopennessandtheabilitytochangebringscouplesagia
随机试题
AFrenchnunissaidtocreateamiracleof______.[originaltext]Vaticano
Wedon’thavebedsinthespacecraft,butwedohavesleepingbags.Duringt
Tounderstandthephenomenonoforganisedcrime,itisnecessarytostudythe
Whenyouthinkaboutthegrowthofhumanpopulationoverthelastcenturyor
个案工作的首要任务是( )。A.接受服务对象的请求 B.帮助服务对象增强自身
在对培训成果进行评估时,调查问卷中,“您对该培训项目满意吗?”的提问属于( )
A.腺泡细胞必须消耗能量B.凡依赖碘泵完成 C.甲状腺内碘浓度比血液高5
甲、乙公司均为境内上市公司,甲公司20×2年至20×3年发生如下业务: (1)
劳动者必须是达到法定最低就业年龄才可以订立劳动合同,这体现了劳动合同订立的()。
(2017年真题)根据政府采购法律制度的规定,下列各项中,属于采购人以不合理的条
最新回复
(
0
)