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  3. I have suggested that self-actualizers can be defined as people who are no lo

I have suggested that self-actualizers can be defined as people who are no lo

游客2025-03-30  9
问题    I have suggested that self-actualizers can be defined as people who are no longer motivated by the needs for safety, belongingness, love, status, and self-respect because these needs have already been satisfied. Why then should a love-gratified person fall in love? 【T1】Certainly not for the same reasons that motivate the love-deprived person, who falls in love because he needs and craves love, because he lacks it, and is impelled to make up this deficiency.
   Self-actualizers have no serious deficiencies to make up and must now be looked upon as freed for growth, maturation, development, in a word, for the fulfillment and actualization of their highest individual and species nature. What such people do emanates from growth and expresses it without striving. 【T2】They love because they are loving persons, in the same way that they are kind, honest, natural, i.e., because it is their nature to be so spontaneous, as a strong man is strong without willing to be, as a rose emits perfume, as a cat is graceful, or as a child is childish. Such epiphenomena are as little motivated as is physical growth or psychological maturation.
   There is little of the trying, straining, or striving in the loving of the self-actualizer that so dominates the loving of the average person. In philosophical language, it is an aspect of being as well as of becoming and ban be called B-love, that, love for the Being of the other.
   【T3】A paradox seems to be created at first sight by the fact that self-actualizing people maintain a degree of individuality, of detachment, and autonomy that seems at first glance to be incompatible with the kind of identification and love that I have been describing above. But this is only an apparent paradox. 【T4】As we have seen, the tendencies to detachment and to need identification and to profound interrelationships with another person can coexist in healthy people. The fact is that self-actualizing people are simultaneously the most individualistic and the most altruistic and social and loving of all human beings. The fact that we have in our culture put these qualities at opposite ends of a single continuum is apparently a mistake that must now be corrected. These qualities go together and the dichotomy is resolved in self-actualizing people.
   【T5】We find in our subjects a healthy selfishness, a great self-respect, a disinclination to make sacrifices without good reason. [br] 【T1】
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答案 当然和那缺乏爱的人爱上别人的原因不一样。他爱上别人是因为他需要爱，渴望爱是因为他缺乏爱，所以他一定要弥补上这个缺失。
解析 对该句的正确理解取决于两点：一是要通读全文，因为该句中的“not for the same reasons”显然和上文有着密切的关系；二是要能识别出句中的两个“because”并列句。此外，在译文的措辞上切忌照搬词典里的释义，例如不要把“the love-deprived person”译成“被剥夺了爱的人”，译成“缺爱的人”既通俗又准确；而把“is impelled to”译成“被驱使……”就太生硬了，可以译成“一定要……”。
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