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  3. Adam Smith was the founder of economics as a distinct field of study. He wro

Adam Smith was the founder of economics as a distinct field of study. He wro

游客2025-03-25  22
问题     Adam Smith was the founder of economics as a distinct field of study. He wrote only one book on the subject — The Wealth of Nations, published in 1776. Smith was 53 years old at the time. His friend David Hume found the book such hard going that he doubted many people would read it. But Hume was wrong — people have been reading it for more than 200 years now.
    The Wealth of Nations, in Smith’s view, was the result not of accumulating gold or silver, as many of that time believed, but of ordinary people working and trading in free markets. To Smith, the remarkable thing about the wealth produced by a market economy is that it does not result from any organized plan, rather, it is the unintended outcome of the actions of many people, each of whom is pursuing the incentives the market offers with his or her own interests in mind.
    "It is not from the benevolence of the butcher, the brewer, or the baker that we expect our dinner, but from their regard to their own interest, every individual is continually exerting himself to find out the most advantageous employment for whatever capital he can command. By directing that industry in such a manner as its produce may be of the greatest value, he intends only his own gain, and he is in this, as in many other cases, led by an invisible hand to promote an end which was a part of his intention".
    Much of the discipline of economics as it has developed over two centuries consists of elaboration of ideas found in Smith’s work. The idea of the "invisible hand" of market incentives that channels people’s efforts in directions that are beneficial to their neighbors remains one of the most durable of Smith’s contributions. [br] It can be inferred from Para. I that ______.
选项 A、what Hume doubted the Wealth of Nation was proved wrong
B、before Adam Smith, there was no economics
C、the Wealth of Nations is popular now
D、all of the above
答案 C
解析 本题是推理题。可以从第一段中推断，A、B两选项均是文中直接告诉我们的，不符合“推知”。所以大家请注意在完成这种题型时，一定要把推知的内容和原文信息区别开来。C选项中讲到因为作者讲200年来人们一直在读这本书，说明这本书仍很受欢迎，所以C选项是正确答案。
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