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  3. The promise of finding long-term technological solutions to the problem of w

The promise of finding long-term technological solutions to the problem of w

游客2025-03-23  36
问题     The promise of finding long-term technological solutions to the problem of world food shortages seems difficult to fulfill. Many innovations that were once heavily supported and publicized, such as fish-protein concentrate and protein from algae grown on petroleum substrates, have since fallen by the wayside. The proposals themselves were technically feasible, but they proved to be economically unviable(not able to succeed) and to yield food products culturally unacceptable to their consumers.
    One characteristic common to unsuccessful food innovations has been that, even with extensive government support, they often have not been technologically adapted or culturally acceptable to the people for whom they had been developed. A successful new technology, therefore, must fit the entire sociocultural system in which it is to find a place security of crop yield, practicality of storage, and costs are more significant than had previously been realized by the advocates of new technologies.
    The adoption of new food technologies depends on more than these technical and cultural considerations; economic factors and governmental policies also strongly influence the ultimate success of any innovation. Economists in the Anglo-American tradition have taken the lead in investigating the economics of technological innovation. Although they exaggerate in claiming that profitability is the key factor guiding technical change—they completely disregard the substantial effects of culture—they are correct in stressing the importance of profits. Most technological innovations in agriculture can be fully used only by large landowners and are only adopted if these profit-oriented business believe that the innovation will increase their incomes. Thus, innovations that carry high rewards for big agribusiness groups will be adopted even if they harm segments of the population and reduce the availability of food in a country. Further, should a new technology promise to alter substantially the profits and losses associated with any production system, those with economic power will strive to maintain and improve their own position. Since large segments of the populations of many developing countries are close to the subsistence(ability to live)margin and essentially powerless, they tend to be the losers in this system unless they are aided by a government policy that takes into account the needs of all sectors (branches) of the economy. Therefore, although technical advances in food production and processing will perhaps be needed to ensure food availability, meeting food needs will depend much more on equalizing economic powers among the various segments of the populations within the developing countries themselves. [br] Which of the following best describes the organization of the first paragraph?
选项 A、A suggestion is made and arguments in its favor are provided.
B、A criticism is imposed and an alternative proposal is suggested.
C、An example is analyzed and general conclusions are derived from it.
D、A generalization is advanced and supporting evidence is provided.
答案 C
解析 文章从一开始就对用技术革新来解决粮食不足的例子进行分析，并得出仅靠技术是不够的结论。A提出一个建议以后提出对他有利的证据。B提出批评后提出另一种建议。但这段中并没有提出建议，所以都不对。D提出概论后提供论据，这段中并没有提出概论，所以也不对。
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