首页
登录
职称英语
There are three trends most widely blamed for causing environmental problems
There are three trends most widely blamed for causing environmental problems
游客
2025-03-22
42
管理
问题
There are three trends most widely blamed for causing environmental problems—population growth, urbanization and industrialization.
The world’s population is increasing by around 85 million every year—the equivalent of, say, another Mexico. The pace of growth has come down a little since the 1960s, but according to United Nations projections it remains fast enough to push the world’s population above 9 billion, from around 6 billion today. Most of that growth will be in developing countries. The population explosion of the past few decades has been due to a happy trend: a dramatic rise in life expectancy (平均寿命), thanks in part to the spread of modern medicines and better sanitation. But, say environmentalists, the world’s supply of natural resources is finite, and in some regions particular resources are already scarce (water in the Middle East, certain species of fish in the North Atlantic). How can these resources be made to go round an extra 3 billion people?
Increasing urbanization is another environmental worry. The historic movement from country to town in rich countries is now being echoed in poor countries, but on a much bigger scale. The UN expects that between 1990 and 2025 the number of people living in urban areas will double to more than 5 billion, and that 90% of that growth will be in developing countries. In Africa and Asia more than half the population still lives in the countryside, compared with only a fifth in Europe and North America.
Country-dwellers in developing countries are moving to cities for the same sort of reasons as in the rich countries in the 19th century:they are pushed by a scarcity of farm jobs, and they are pulled by the hope of better jobs and a better life. Governments in many developing countries have accelerated this progress by pursuing economic policies that discriminate against agriculture; until recently, for example, many governments kept food prices artificially low. The reason why urbanization is likely to harm the local environment is simply that people are much more densely crowded together. Burn a tyre in the countryside, and no one may worry about it; but in the city it will cause a great many coughs and splutters (杂乱的声音).
Industrialization, too, is an obvious cause of environmental problems. Today’s rich countries moved first from agriculture to manufacturing industries which use resources intensively, and later to services and less polluting types of manufacturing. Many developing countries are now undergoing that first transition at the same time succumbing to (屈从于) a temptation not available in the 19th century; motor vehicles. [br] Many farmers in rich countries moved to cities in the 19th century because of______.
选项
A、a scarcity of farm jobs
B、the hope of better jobs and life
C、discriminating economic policies
D、both A and B
答案
D
解析
细节题。第四段开头讲,现在发展中国家的农村居民涌人城市,其原因与19世纪富裕国家的农民涌人城市相同:农场工作稀缺、希望更好的工作和生活。因此,D为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/4007609.html
相关试题推荐
Ifpossible,anenvironmentalteamshouldbeformed______representativesandexp
LivinginthecentralAustraliandeserthasitsproblems,______obtainingwater
Man:Haveyourunupagainstanyproblemsingettingyourpassportrenewed?Woma
Therearethreetrendsmostwidelyblamedforcausingenvironmentalproblems
Therearethreetrendsmostwidelyblamedforcausingenvironmentalproblems
Theresearchscientistsoftenmeetwithproblems______newtypesofinstrumentfo
Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesintoc
Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesintoc
Veryoldpeopledoraisemoralproblemsforalmosteveryonewhocomesintoc
Wheredopesticides(杀虫剂)fitintothepictureofenvironmentaldisease?We
随机试题
Heisvery______inhisfamilyandneverdoesanythingagainsthiswife.A、henceB
Morethananyothercountry,Americadefinesitselfbyacollectivedream:t
Namedafteranex-GovernorofNewSouthWales,SydneyistheState’scapital
不可复性关节盘前移位的症状类似于翼外肌痉挛,主要不同点在于A.不可复性关节盘前移
急性肾盂肾炎临床表现及特点下列描述错误的是A.老年患者均有尿路局部症状 B.突
下列支护方式中,不属于隧道初期支护的是( )。(2011年真题) A、喷射混
()是指一切生产要素(包括劳动)都有机会以自己意愿的报酬参与生产的状态。A:充分
Thechangeinthatvillagewasmiraculou
只有市场无效,才存在错误定价的股票。()
A.未经批准擅自采猎野生药材物种 B.未经批准进入野生药材资源保护区从事科研、
最新回复
(
0
)