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  3. The concept of "environment" is certainly difficult and may even be misunder

The concept of "environment" is certainly difficult and may even be misunder

游客2025-03-19  42
问题     The concept of "environment" is certainly difficult and may even be misunderstood; but we have no handy substitute. It seems simple enough to distinguish between the organism and the surrounding environment and to separate forces acting on an organism into those that are internal and biological and those that are external and environmental. But in actual practice this system breaks down in many ways, because the organism and the environment are constantly interacting so that the environment is modified by the organism and vice versa.
    In the case of man, the difficulties with the environmental concept are even more complicated because we have to deal with man as an animal and with man as a bearer (持有者) of culture. If we look at man as an animal and try to analyze the environmental forces that are acting on the organism, we find that we have to deal with things like climate, soil, plants, and such-like factors common to all biological situations; but we also find, always, very important environmental influences that we can only class as "cultural", which modify the physical and biological factors. But man, as we know him, is always a bearer of culture; and if we study human culture, we find that it, in turn, is modified by the environmental factors of climate and geography. We thus easily get into great difficulties from the necessity of viewing culture, at one moment, as a part of the man and, at another moment, as a part of the environment. [br] In analyzing the environmental forces acting on man the author suggests that______.
选项 A、biological factors are less important to the organism than cultural factors
B、man and other animals are modified equally by the environmental forces
C、man is modified by the cultural environment as well as by the natural environment
D、physical and biological factors exert more influence on other organisms than on man
答案 C
解析 本题是一道暗示引申类问题。问在分析环境对人类的影响时作者暗示了什么。根据文章第二段前两句话，至于说到人类，“环境”这个概念就更加错综复杂了。因为人类一方面可以看做是一种动物，另一方面又具有文化的属性。当我们把人类看做动物时，分析环境对人类的影响就会涉及一切生物环境都共有的诸如气候、土壤、植物等因素。但是，我们同样又发现我们只能归作“文化”一类的十分重要的环境影响，也能改变物理和生物因素。由此可知，本题的正确答案应是C“人类既受文化环境也受自然环境的影响”。选项B错在文章并没有说人类和动物受环境的影响是等同的。同样，文章既没有就人类和其他生物谁受物理和生物因素影响大进行比较，也没有对生物因素对有机物的重要性和文化因素对人类的重要性进行比较。所以A和D也都不对。
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