2. 职称英语
  3. Learning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all

Learning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all

游客2025-03-18  19
问题     Learning disabilities are very common. They affect perhaps 10 percent of all children. Four times as many boys as girls have learning disabilities.
    Since about 1970, new research has helped brain scientists understand these problems better. Scientists now know there are many different kinds of learning disabilities and that they are caused by many different things. There is no longer any question that all learning disabilities result from differences in the way the brain is organized.
    You cannot look at a child and tell if he or she has a learning disability. There is no outward sign of the disorder. So some researchers began looking at the brain itself to learn what might be wrong.
    In one study, researchers examined the brain of a learning-disabled person, who had died in an accident. They found two unusual things. One involved cells in the left side of the brain, which control language. These cells normally are white. In the learning-disabled person, however, these cells were gray. The researchers also found that many of the nerve cells were not in a line the way they should have been. The nerve cells were mixed together.
    The study was carried out under the guidance of Norman Geschwind, an early expert on learning disabilities. Doctor Geschwind proposed that learning disabilities resulted mainly from problems in the left side of the brain. He believed this side of the brain failed to develop normally. Probably, he said, nerve cells there did not connect as they should. So the brain was like an electrical device in which the wires were crossed.
    Other researchers did not examine brain tissue. Instead, they measured the brain’s electrical activity and made a map of the electrical signals.
    Frank Duffy experimented with this technique at Children’s Hospital Medical Center in Boston. Doctor Duffy found large differences in the brain activity of normal children and those with reading problems. The differences appeared throughout the brain. Doctor Duffy said his research is evidence that reading disabilities involve damage to a wide area of the brain, not just the left side. [br] All of the following statements are true EXCEPT that______.
选项 A、many factors account for learning disorder
B、a learning-disabled person shows no outward signs
C、reading disabilities are a common problem that affects 10 percent of the population
D、the brain activity of learning-disabled children is different from that of normal children
答案 C
解析 本题是一道判断是非题。问下面哪个说法是不正确的。针对四个选项，利用查阅式阅读法，结合原文相关内容，我们可以发现：本文第一段指出，学习缺陷是个很普遍的问题，儿童中有10%的人有这种缺陷，其中，男孩是女孩的4倍。可见，选项中10％是指占总人口的百分比，第一段中10％是指占儿童中的百分比，二者参照点不同。因此，本题的正确答案应选C“阅读缺陷是个非常普遍的问题，有这方面问题的人占总人口的10％”。
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