For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featur

游客2025-03-01 25

问题 For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called "Ask Marilyn. " People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old: that gave her an IQ of 228—the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, What’ s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It’ s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.
Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it means to be smart? How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?
The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms: the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children’ s version). Generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’ s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age pecks, rather than simply dividing the mental are by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE) , capture the main aspects of IQ tests.
Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article "How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?" Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions. IQ was negatively correlated with leadership, that is, it predicted the opposite. Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it’ s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip. [br] We can conclude from the last paragraph that______.

选项 A、test scores may not be reliable indicators of one’ s ability
B、IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated
C、testing involves a lot of guesswork
D、traditional test are out of date

答案 A

解析推理题。文章最后一段指出，有专家认为，标准测试不可能评估在学校和生活中取得成功所需的所有重要因素，随后解释了这种观点，指出传统的测试最恰当地评估了分析能力和语言表达能力，而且一旦人口或环境发生变化，智商测试就不一定预测得那么准确，并且应试能力也很重要。这说明，智商测试不可能真实反映一个人的能力。故选A。

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