The publisher of a best-selling self-help book had in some promotional material,

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问题 The publisher of a best-selling self-help book had in some promotional material, claimed that it showed readers how to become exceptionally successful. Of course, everyone knows that no book can deliver to the many what, by definition, must remain limited to the few exceptional success. Thus, although it is clear that the publisher knowingly made a false claim, dong so should not be considered unethical in this case. Which one of the following principles, if valid, most strongly supports the reasoning above?

选项 A、Knowingly making a false claim is unethical only if it is reasonable for people to accept the claim as true.
B、Knowingly making a false claim is unethical if those making it derive a gain at the expense of those acting as if the claim were true.
C、Knowingly making a false claim is unethical in only those cases in which those who accept the claim as true suffer a hardship greater than the gain they were anticipating.
D、Knowingly making a false claim is unethical only if there is a possibility that someone will act as if the claim might be true.
E、Knowingly making a false claim is unethical in at least those cases in which for someone else to discover that the claim is false, that person must have acted as if the claim were true.

答案 A

解析本题读题重点在段落的第二句与第三句话，且第二句话是第三句话成立的论据。但A与B之间明显有了跳跃，难道每个人都知道的事实就能得出这个结论吗?(A)把这个跳跃连了起来，支持了段落推理。因为段落中并无论述关于某人损害他人而获益的情况，所以(B)不正确；(C)也犯了和(B)同样的错误；(D)、(E)均不能对段落推理起到支持作用。

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