首页
登录
职称英语
The Headland Hypothesis argues that foraging or non-agricultural tri
The Headland Hypothesis argues that foraging or non-agricultural tri
游客
2025-02-22
10
管理
问题
The Headland Hypothesis argues that foraging or non-agricultural tribes
have been unable to collect adequate carbohydrates in the rain forest due to its
lack of starch producing species, and were thus forced to develop trade
Line relationships with agriculturalists. This hypothesis has been shown to rest on
(5) impossibly idealized conceptions of virgin rain forest, forager behavior and
history, such that one may argue something diametrically different: millennia of
trade relationships with agricultural peoples have led to changes in forager
behaviors and in the composition of the forests they inhabit. Supposing that
humans modify their environments in ways that are generally favorable toward
(10) their continued survival, it follows that an increased reliance on agriculturalists
for carbohydrates might lead to the gradual disappearance of rain forest
starches. Horticulturalists are likely to dedicate the majority of their efforts
toward staple starch crops such as rice or wheat, which in some environments
may provide a more efficient source of carbohydrates than does foraging.
(15) Foragers, then, would be inclined to assume the "professional primitive" role,
and trade more tasty and nutritious rain forest resources such as meat and fruit
in exchange for carbohydrates, as Headland himself observed in a multitude of
cultures around the world.
Foragers may have also lost some of their knowledge and technologies
(20) related to carbohydrate extraction from the rain forest, and the carbohydrate-
rich rain forest species may have arrested their co-evolution with foragers,
leaving the impression that rain forests have always possessed insufficient
quantities of such resources to support humans. A co-evolutionary argument is
not, however, necessary to this line of reasoning, for rain forests may adapt
(25) purely in terms of the quantity and availability of extant carbohydrate-rich
species, as the case of sago palms evinces in two ways. Firstly, the selective
harvesting of some trees has been shown to have a "thinning" effect which helps
the species to gain sunlight and to thrive, positively affecting its long-term
survival, reproduction and distribution at the expense of carbohydrate-rich
(30) species. Secondly, the sago palm has two means of reproduction: vegetatively,
or through "suckers", and through seed disbursal, which whether intentional
and inadvertent is likely to increase when humans are harvesting the trees.
Although sago palms are particularly prevalent in the areas where, for instance,
the Penan foragers exploit it, there has been no study to show that this would
(35) remain the case if the Penan were to move, or to cease exploiting the trees.
Admittedly, this response to the Headland Hypothesis has problems, for
not all carbohydrate producing species are disbursed by seeds, nor have they all
been shown to benefit from human foraging behaviors. Theories of co-evolution
do, however, predict that such relationships would be likely to evolve, and the
(40) simple fact that disturbing the rain forest through fire, sago harvesting, and
countless other means available to foragers can lead to better environments for
carbohydrate growth, illustrates that significant changes could have occurred in
much less time than one might expect. [br] The tone of the author of the passage in describing theories of co-evolution can best be described as one of
选项
A、appreciation of the theory’s ability to explain the disappearance of certain carbohydrate-rich plant species
B、admiration for the theory’s refutation of the seed-disbursal theory of the disappearance of the carbohydrate-rich plant species
C、skepticism toward the theory’s ability to account for the evolution of trade relations between agriculturalists and foragers
D、annoyance at the theory’s failure to account for such phenomenon as the success of the sago palm
E、concern that the theory may be insufficient to discredit the Headland Hypothesis
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3967547.html
相关试题推荐
TheHeadlandHypothesisarguesthatforagingornon-agriculturaltri
TheHeadlandHypothesisarguesthatforagingornon-agriculturaltri
TheHeadlandHypothesisarguesthatforagingornon-agriculturaltri
TheHeadlandHypothesisarguesthatforagingornon-agriculturaltri
Wedidnotdiscoverthathisapprehensionconcerningourhypothesiswas______unt
Witkinsrightlyarguesthatpopulationmaybedeemedavalidsustain
Thebinaryplanethypothesis—thatEarthandtheMoonformedsimultaneouslybyth
Thebinaryplanethypothesis—thatEarthandtheMoonformedsimultaneouslybyth
PhilosopherCornelWestarguesthatbothEuropeanandAfricancivilizationshave
Horganarguesthatmanyscientiststodayaregrippedbyaprofoundunease,______
随机试题
[originaltext]M:I’mAviArditti,andthisweekonWordmaster:wehaveaspecia
ABritishstudyfoundthatBvitaminscouldreducebrainshrinkageinolder
设立出版物零售企业或者其他单位、个人从事出版物零售业务,应当具备哪些条件?
施工资料表格打印时出现灰色背景,并且备案的编码没有打印出来,进行如下操作:第一步
排土场是露天矿山采矿排弃物集中排放的场所。堆积物基底不稳引起的滑坡占排土场滑坡总
图2是吴祖强、杜鸣心、施万春等人参与创作的舞剧中的《斗笠舞》场景,这部舞剧是()
为解决公司型私募股权投资基金双重税负问题。许多国家采取灵活做法,要求公司年度只要
痹症之肝肾亏虚证,治宜选方A.虎潜丸 B.独活寄生汤 C.杜仲丸 D.鹿角
甲公司与乙公司签订了一份手机买卖合同,约定:甲公司供给乙公司某型号手机1000部
甲股份公司于2018年3月1日成立,根据公司法律制度的规定,下列有关股份收购事项
最新回复
(
0
)