首页
登录
职称英语
During the 1930s National Association for the Advancement of Colo
During the 1930s National Association for the Advancement of Colo
游客
2025-02-21
8
管理
问题
During the 1930s National Association for the
Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) attor-
neys Charles H. Houston, William Hastie, James
Line M. Nabrit, Leon Ransom, and Thurgood Marshall
(5) charted a legal strategy designed to end segrega-
tion in education. They developed a series of
legal cases challenging segregation in graduate
and professional schools. Houston believed that
the battle against segregation had to begin at the
(10) highest academic level in order to mitigate fear of
race mixing that could create even greater hostili-
ty and reluctance on the part of white judges.
After establishing a series of favorable legal
precedents in higher education, NAACP attorneys
(15) planned to launch an all-out attack on the sepa-
rate-but-equal doctrine in primary and secondary
schools. The strategy proved successful. In four
major United States Supreme Court decisions
precedents were established that would enable the
(20) NAACP to construct a solid legal foundation
upon which the Brown case could rest: Missouri
ex rel. Gaines v. Canada, Registrar of the
University of Missouri (1938); Sipuel v. Board of
Regents of the University of Oklahoma (1948);
(25) McLaurin v. Oklahoma State Regents for Higher
Education (1950); and Sweatt v. Painter (1950).
In the Oklahoma case, the Supreme Court held
that the plaintiff was entitled to enroll in the
University. The Oklahoma Regents responded by
(30) separating black and white students in cafeterias
and classrooms. The 1950 McLaurin decision
ruled that such internal separation was unconstitu-
tional. In the Sweatt ruling, delivered on the same
day, the Supreme Court held that the maintenance
(35) of separate law schools for whites and blacks was
unconstitutional. A year after Herman Sweatt
entered the University of Texas law school,
desegregation cases were filed in the states of
Kansas, South Carolina, Virginia, and Delaware,
(40) and in the District of Columbia asking the courts
to apply the qualitative test of the Sweatt case to
the elementary and secondary schools and to
declare the separate-but-equal doctrine invalid in
the area of public education.
(45) The 1954 Brown v. Board of Education deci-
sion declared that a classification based solely on
race violated the 14th Amendment to the United
States Constitution. The decision reversed the
1896 Plessy v. Ferguson ruling which had estab-
(50) lished the separate-but-equal doctrine. The Brown
decision more than any other case launched the
"equalitarian revolution" in American jurispru-
dence and signalled the emerging primacy of
equality as a guide to constitutional decisions;
(55) nevertheless, the decision did not end state-
sanctioned segregation. Indeed, the second Brown
decision, known as Brown H and delivered a year
later, played a decisive role in limiting the effec-
tiveness and impact of the 1954 case by providing
(60) southern states with the opportunity to delay the
implementation of desegregation. [br] The aspect of Houston’s work most extensively discussed in the passage is its
选项
A、psychological canniness
B、judicial complexity
C、fundamental efficiency
D、radical intellectualism
E、exaggerated idealism
答案
A
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3966981.html
相关试题推荐
Duringthe1930sNationalAssociationfortheAdvancementofColo
Thepoliticalscienceofinternationalrelationsisrenownedforbeinga______su
Hispenchantforlearninghistoryshouldprovetobe______duringhisstudiesto
Duringthemid-twentiethcenturytheUnitedStatesbeganapolicytowardNative
Wepackedearly.An8a.m.internationalflight,especiallyonetobetakenwith
DuringaEuropeanbroadcastin2002,televisionviewerswere(i)______byaborde
DuringtheElizabethaneraofthemidandlate1500s,(i)______werecommon,incl
DuringthedayinLakeConstance,thezooplanktonD.hyalinadepartsforthedep
Duringtheopera’smostfamousaria,thetempochosenbytheorchestra’sconduct
Throughitsstateassociations,theAmericanMedicalAssociationcontrolledwho
随机试题
HowGlobalWarmingWorksGasesintheEarth’satmosp
Onecanonlyimaginewhatsuchanextremistregimewoulddoifitgotithands__
ItusedtobesaidthatEnglishpeopletaketheirpleasuresadly.Nodou
关于共情,下列说法正确的是()A.共情就是体验求助者的内心世界 B.共情就是把
甲午中日战争中,北洋舰队全军覆没发生在下列哪一战役中( )A.平壤战役 B.
火灾报警控制器(联动型)主控面板指示灯区的监管灯亮,表示控制器检测到了外部设备的
设备状态标识()分别对应绿、黄、红颜色。A.停用、准用、合格 B.准用、
某农场有180台收割机,每天可收割x吨水稻。现将y台收割机更换为新款收割机,生产
假设开发法评估在建工程价值时,采用投资利润率计算后续开发的应得利润,计算基数应包
下列说法中,正确的是( )。A.大赦既赦其刑,又赦其罪B.特赦只赦其刑
最新回复
(
0
)