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[img]2012q1/ct_etoefm_etoeflistz_0917_20121[/img] [br] How does the professor ex
[img]2012q1/ct_etoefm_etoeflistz_0917_20121[/img] [br] How does the professor ex
游客
2025-02-07
31
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问题
[br] How does the professor explain the commencement of the rush for gold in Georgia?
[[Professor] (female)] Is everyone ready to begin? Well, let me start by saying it all started in
Dahlonega, Georgia.
[Student A (male)] Huh? What started there?
[Professor] I’m getting to that. Q10 But first, does anyone have any idea what I’m
talking about? Dahlonega, Georgia, is known for somethi-
[Student B (male)] [interrupting]Oh! I know! Dahlonega is where the gold rush started!
[Student A] Wasn’t that in California?
[Professor] You’re both right. Q6 Georgia was the site of a gold rush...and California was
too. That’s actually what I want to talk about today: these two North American
gold rushes.
I guess you could say that a zeal for gold has, um, long been a part of the
national psyche of the United States. If you think about it, the prospect of gold
was basically what brought colonists here in the first place. Q9(A) As early as
the sixteenth century, the Spanish and French may have been mining gold in
Georgia, but the real gold rush didn’t begin until much later. Um, 1829, to be
more precise.
Q7 So how did the gold rush officially start? Well, we don’t quite know
for certain...and there’re a couple of different, um, anecdotes about it. One
suggests that someone named Frank Logan discovered some gold in Dukes
Creek. A similar story indicates that the gold found in Dukes Creek was actually
discovered by a guy named John Witheroods. Yet another tale credits the
discovery of gold to Jesse Hogan, who found gold near Dahlonega. Whatever
the case may be, gold was discovered in Georgia in 1828...tales of riches spread
quickly throughout the nation, and soon prospectors from all over the country
were suffering from "gold fever"...packing up their belongings and heading to
Georgia to get rich.
Q11 Dahlonega was the center of it all. Actually, the name "Dahlonega"
is from the Cherokee word for gold. Within a couple of years, the population of
Dahlonega swelled to 15,000 miners -um, according to the 2000 census,
it has a population of less than 4,000 people today.
[Student B] When you mentioned that Dahlonega comes from the Cherokee language, it
reminded me of something I studied last year in American history: the Trail of
Tears. Is that in any way related to the, um, the gold rush in Georgia?
[Professor] That’s an excellent question. You’re absolutely right. It’s important to remember
that the land where all of this gold was being discovered was actually Cherokee
territory. The miners’ obsession with gold led to a lot of trespassing in Cherokee
tribal lands, and this caused tensions to increase between the U.S. national
government and the Cherokee nation. Q9(C) Eventually, the U.S. government
became so desperate for the resources possessed by the Cherokee nation-
I’m talking about the gold--that they actually seized the land. Q8 The
government sent in the military in 1838 to forcibly remove the Cherokee
people. But it was more than that...the Cherokees were actually forced to walk
all the way from Georgia to Oklahoma. Four thousand of the 15,000 people
who were made to take this journey died. For that reason, it is referred to as
the, um, the Trail of Tears.
OK. I don’t want to run out of time without discussing the California gold rush,
so I’m afraid we have to move on now. The California gold rush began in much
the same way as the Georgia gold rush--with someone finding gold...and
madness ensuing. It was 1848, and the person who made the discovery was
James Marshall. Three hundred thousand people caught gold fever this time
around, coming from all over the world: Latin America, Asia, Europe, Australia...
These people earned the nickname "forty-niners," because they arrived in 1849
after hearing the news.
[Strident A] [Professor]...were there any negative effects of this gold rush? You know...like
you mentioned about the one in Georgia.
[Professor] Well, yes, but first let me mention that some of the effects of the California
gold rush were relatively beneficial. I mean, Q9(D) the state underwent a lot of
growth, and new roads, churches, and schools were created to serve the new
population. Q9(B) In addition, transportation was constantly improving, as
people traveled west in steamships and by railroad.
But, as I think you’re suggesting, some of the things that happened in Georgia
occurred in California as well. I mean, the gold rush in California had a severely
negative impact on the local Native American population. Disease, starvation,
and violent attacks resulting from the gold rush caused their population to
drop from 150,000 people in 1845 to 30,000 in 1870. The gold rush made
many victims of other minorities as well. People from all kinds of different
backgrounds were forced to compete for limited resources...and that turned
some people against each other. Unfortunately, gold-rush boom towns were
a lawless frontier, where racial tensions often escalated to violence. And there
was no one to maintain order.
选项
A、By discussing the relationship between the U.S. government and the Cherokee people.
B、By explaining the term used to label miners who moved to Dahlonega in 1828.
C、By indicating how much money a miner could make in Dahlonega.
D、By telling several accounts of the discovery of gold there in 1828.
答案
D
解析
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