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The globalization of the world’s capital markets that has occurred in the pas

游客2025-02-03  4
问题    The globalization of the world’s capital markets that has occurred in the past 10 years will be replicated right across the economy in the next decade. An international perspective has become central to management. Without it managers are operating in ignorance and cannot understand what is happening to them and their firms.
   Partly because of globalization and partly because of demography, the work forces of the next century are going to be very different from those of the last century. Most firms will be employing more foreign nationals. More likely than not, you and your boss will not be of the same nationality. Demography and changing social mores mean that white males will become a smaller fraction of the work force as women and minorities grow in importance. All of these factors will require changes in the traditional methods of managing the work force.
   In addition, the need to produce goods and services at quality levels previously thought impossible to obtain in mass production and the spreading use of participatory management techniques will require a work force with much higher levels of education and skills. Production workers must be able to do statistical quality control; production workers must be able to do just- in-time inventories. Managers are increasingly shifting from a "don’t think do what you are told" to a "think, I am not going to tell you what to do" style of management.
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答案     过去十年中，世界资本市场完成了全球化的变革。在未来十年里，全球化将复制到整个经济的其他各个领域当中。具有国际性眼光成为企业管理的核心要素。缺乏这样的眼光，管理者就等于闭目塞听，在无知经营，对周遭发生的情况和变化一无所知。
   而到了下个世纪，劳动力构成将与本世纪发生很大的不同，一方面是由于经济的全球化，另一方面则是由于人口的流动。到那时，大多数公司将会雇用更多的外国员工。你和老板极有可能就是不同国籍的。人口和社会风尚方面出现的变化意味着，社会上女性和少数民族的地位不断提升，白人男子将变成劳动力群体的少数。所有这些都要求传统的劳动力管理方式作出改变。
   另外，过去人们认为采用批量生产和参与型管理模式无法保证产品和服务的优质。要获得优质的产品和服务，客观要求具有更高教育素质和专门技术的劳动者。要求生产工人有能力做数据质控；有能力做即时盘存。管理者的管理方式，将很快从“不必思考，照我的话去做”的老一套转变为“自己思考，我不会教你怎么做”的新方式。
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