首页
登录
职称英语
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their countr
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their countr
游客
2025-01-29
9
管理
问题
America’s more capitalist sports fans commonly acknowledge that their country’s most popular sports, like the National Football League and the National Basketball Association, have several rules that would please a Scandinavian social democrat. Salary caps and luxury taxes limit how much each team can spend on players, punish those that over-spend, and close the gap between rich and poor teams. In both sports, the top draft picks typically go to the worst-performing squads from the previous year. Revenue sharing redistributes wealth among the rich and poor teams. Overall, success is punished by design, misfortune is rewarded by design, and the power of wealth is
circumscribed
with spending caps.
It’s a different story across the Atlantic, where many European soccer leagues have practices that would please an American conservative. There are few salary-cap rules, so a handful of rich teams tend to dominate annually. When a soccer team performs poorly, it is not rewarded with a high draft pick. Instead, the club is
relegated
to a less competitive league, a mighty blow to their revenue. Meanwhile the most successful teams from lower divisions are promoted to more competitive leagues where they can earn even more money.
For years, economists have wondered why America doesn’t share Europe’s socialist approach to government. But maybe it’s worth flipping the question: Why don’t European sports share U.S.-style socialism? Why do European soccer leagues punish the downtrodden, while American sports are so soft on losers?
In their famous 2001 paper, "Why Doesn’t The U.S. Have A European-Style Welfare State?" the economists Alberto Alesina, Edward Glaeser, and Bruce Sacerdote pointed out that public policies are an echo of national history. For example, in the U.S., the legacy of the 19th century’s "open frontier" made Americans skeptical of government intrusion, while the absence of an influential socialist party after World War II made it difficult for leftist policies to take root.
By analogy, perhaps, one could look to history to see the origin of Europe’s surprisingly free-market approach to sports. The rules of today’s English Premier League can be traced to the late 19th century, when English soccer was in a period of rapid growth, with hundreds of English and Welsh clubs forming in several decades. Owners, players, and fans all recognized that the helter-skelter scheduling made it harder for people to plan their lives around soccer. In 1888, 12 teams banded together to form England’s first Football League. This provided a modicum of structure to the beautiful game, such as set schedules and guaranteed home games. In its original rules, the worst teams in the league had to apply for "reelection" to remain. Otherwise, one of England’s hundreds of other soccer teams could take their place. As the League grew in size and number of divisions, reelection evolved into a system of promotion and relegation — a model that has taken hold in soccer leagues in Europe and around the world. [br] According to the passage, America and Europe have the following differences except______.
选项
A、salary-cap rules
B、socialist approach to government
C、revenue sharing
D、competition rules
答案
D
解析
由文章第1段可知美国橄榄球联盟和篮球协会制定了工资上限来限制球员的开销,而欧洲足球联盟并没有此项措施。因此A项属于二者的差异,A项排除。第3段中,经济学家一直好奇,美国为什么不在行政上学欧洲的社会主义方式。由此可以看出,美国和欧洲有不同的行政方式,因此,B项是二者差异,B项排除。第1段第四句表示收入分享制度将财富在豪门和穷队之间重新分配,而欧洲则没有此项决策。可以看出,美国和欧洲在收入分享制度上存在差异,因此,C项排除。D选项在文中并没有提到,因此D项正确。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3933883.html
相关试题推荐
Thecountrywillnolongerbeplaguedbyturmoil.A、constantchangeB、badweather
PetanimalsliveinmillionsofAmericanhomes.Peoplekeepcats,dogs,birds,f
Fanstendtofeelthatsportseventsareexcitingonlywhenthecompetitorsare
Ithasbeenacknowledgedthattheleaderwhowonfourelectionsandavotecould
YahoonewssaysthatJanuary17iscommonlyknownasthedaywhenNewYear’sres
Financialconsultantsacknowledgethatthevalueofcommonstockisinherentlyc
AsurveyofcorporateAmericabyBusinessWeekshowedwhatthemagazinecalled"
ManyEuropeansconsiderAmericansoverweight,wasteful,andtheydon’tunderstan
ItisablazingmorninginthePermianbasin,inwestTexas,America’smostp
ItisablazingmorninginthePermianbasin,inwestTexas,America’smostp
随机试题
Asfansenjoyfootball’s(soccer’s)month-longWorldCup,Brazilianauthoritie
④节点中,内隔墙与楼板的连接固定方式是:() A.龙骨A
溶血性贫血实验室诊断依据不包括A.网织红细胞计数
为了提升学员线上学习的获得感,某公司专门设置了督学岗位督促学员学习。某日有甲、乙
酸雨是指pH值低于5.6的大气降水,包括雨、雪、露、霜,造成酸雨的主要原因是大气
藜芦具有的功效是A.涌吐,杀虫 B.涌吐,截疟 C.涌吐,祛湿退黄 D.涌
深圳证券交易所的运作系统包括集中竞价交易系统、大宗交易系统、固定收益证券综合电子
下列关于公司资本制度的表述,错误的是( )。A.公司资本制度是《公司法》确认的
属于抑制菌斑牙膏中成分的是A.硝酸钾 B.焦磷酸盐 C.西比氯胺 D.五倍
可在体内生成儿茶酚胺或黑色素的氨基酸是A.甲硫氨酸 B.色氨酸 C.组氨酸
最新回复
(
0
)