首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext] All the characteristics and abilities a person acquires and a
[originaltext] All the characteristics and abilities a person acquires and a
游客
2025-01-26
25
管理
问题
All the characteristics and abilities a person acquires and all developmental changes result from two basic, though complex, processes: learning and maturation. Since the two processes almost always interact, it is difficult to separate their effects from each other or to specify the relative contribution of each to a child’s development. Clearly, growth in height is not learned but depends on maturation, a biological process. But improvements in motor activities such as walking depend on maturation and learning, and the interaction between them.
What, then, are maturation and learning? Developmental psychologists are not entirely in agreement, though there is a common core of accepted meaning. Thus all definitions of maturation stress organic processes or structural changes occurring within an individual’s body that are relatively independent of external environmental conditions, experiences, or practice. By maturation, it is meant development of the organism as a function of time, or age.
Learning has also been defined in diverse ways, but the term generally refers to changes in behavior or performance as a consequence of experience. Learning is the process by which an activity originates or is changed through training procedures as distinguished from changes not attributable to training.
A number of important and stimulating theories of learning have been proposed, each with its own set of principles and hypotheses for explaining the learning process. For our purposes, we do not need to be concerned with the specific details of the learning process, even though learning plays the most important role in most aspects of development and change. We shall employ only a few generally accepted principles of learning in this discussion.
Specifically, we accept the principle that a child will learn a response more effectively and more thoroughly if he is motivated to learn it. Moreover, he will learn a response better if he is rewarded for learning it. According to this view, the more a response is rewarded, the stronger it becomes and the more likely it is to be repeated. ’Although most learning involves motivation and reward, I believe some learning does occur without them. As for the interrelationships between maturation and learning process, a general principle may be provided: maturation is essential to learning.
选项
A、learning process in particular
B、either of the two processes
C、the interactions between the two processes
D、maturation process in the main
答案
C
解析
推理判断题。根据原文Since the two processes almost always interact,it is difficult to separate their effects from each other or to specify the relative contribution of each to a child’s development可知成熟和学习两个过程总是密切作用的,因此区分两者的作用或明确在儿童发展中各自的贡献是非常难的。由此可推断,儿童的发展依靠两个过程的相互作用。因此C项说法与原文相符,是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3929909.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Allthecharacteristicsandabilitiesapersonacquiresanda
[originaltext]Allthecharacteristicsandabilitiesapersonacquiresanda
[originaltext]Eventhefairestandmostimpartialnewspaperisamediumof
[originaltext]Eventhefairestandmostimpartialnewspaperisamediumof
[originaltext]Therestudentthieveslookout.Studentscaneasilygetmany
[originaltext]Therestudentthieveslookout.Studentscaneasilygetmany
[originaltext]Therestudentthieveslookout.Studentscaneasilygetmany
WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGloria?[br][originaltext]Gloriakeptget
WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGloria?[br][originaltext]Gloriakeptget
WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGloria?[br][originaltext]Gloriakeptget
随机试题
Evengeologistisfamiliarwiththeerosioncycle.Nosoonerhasanareaof
WhatdidtheinternationalgroupperceiveinAfghanistan?[br][originaltext]
Wisebuyingisapositivewayinwhichyoucanmakeyourmoneygofurther.T
"Piaget’sCognitiveDevelopmentTheory"ThefamousSwisspsychol
【B1】[br]【B4】A、effectsB、affectC、causesD、influenceA词义理解。“effect”名词“影响、效力”;“a
下列不视为侵犯集成电路布图设计专有权行为的是()。A.王某从网络平台购买
课程有多重类型,综合课程就是活动课程。()
河南周口鹿邑农妇武文英坚持照料两个患病儿子长达二十年,最后却故意毒杀脑瘫双胞胎
期货公司高级管理人员拟任人为境外人士的,推荐人中可有()名是拟任人曾任职的境外
根据《保险法》的有关规定,投保人投保的下列保险中有效的有( )。A.赵某为其6
最新回复
(
0
)