首页
登录
职称英语
[originaltext] All the characteristics and abilities a person acquires and a
[originaltext] All the characteristics and abilities a person acquires and a
游客
2025-01-26
16
管理
问题
All the characteristics and abilities a person acquires and all developmental changes result from two basic, though complex, processes: learning and maturation. Since the two processes almost always interact, it is difficult to separate their effects from each other or to specify the relative contribution of each to a child’s development. Clearly, growth in height is not learned but depends on maturation, a biological process. But improvements in motor activities such as walking depend on maturation and learning, and the interaction between them.
What, then, are maturation and learning? Developmental psychologists are not entirely in agreement, though there is a common core of accepted meaning. Thus all definitions of maturation stress organic processes or structural changes occurring within an individual’s body that are relatively independent of external environmental conditions, experiences, or practice. By maturation, it is meant development of the organism as a function of time, or age.
Learning has also been defined in diverse ways, but the term generally refers to changes in behavior or performance as a consequence of experience. Learning is the process by which an activity originates or is changed through training procedures as distinguished from changes not attributable to training.
A number of important and stimulating theories of learning have been proposed, each with its own set of principles and hypotheses for explaining the learning process. For our purposes, we do not need to be concerned with the specific details of the learning process, even though learning plays the most important role in most aspects of development and change. We shall employ only a few generally accepted principles of learning in this discussion.
Specifically, we accept the principle that a child will learn a response more effectively and more thoroughly if he is motivated to learn it. Moreover, he will learn a response better if he is rewarded for learning it. According to this view, the more a response is rewarded, the stronger it becomes and the more likely it is to be repeated. ’Although most learning involves motivation and reward, I believe some learning does occur without them. As for the interrelationships between maturation and learning process, a general principle may be provided: maturation is essential to learning.
选项
A、learning process in particular
B、either of the two processes
C、the interactions between the two processes
D、maturation process in the main
答案
C
解析
推理判断题。根据原文Since the two processes almost always interact,it is difficult to separate their effects from each other or to specify the relative contribution of each to a child’s development可知成熟和学习两个过程总是密切作用的,因此区分两者的作用或明确在儿童发展中各自的贡献是非常难的。由此可推断,儿童的发展依靠两个过程的相互作用。因此C项说法与原文相符,是正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3929909.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]Allthecharacteristicsandabilitiesapersonacquiresanda
[originaltext]Allthecharacteristicsandabilitiesapersonacquiresanda
[originaltext]Eventhefairestandmostimpartialnewspaperisamediumof
[originaltext]Eventhefairestandmostimpartialnewspaperisamediumof
[originaltext]Therestudentthieveslookout.Studentscaneasilygetmany
[originaltext]Therestudentthieveslookout.Studentscaneasilygetmany
[originaltext]Therestudentthieveslookout.Studentscaneasilygetmany
WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGloria?[br][originaltext]Gloriakeptget
WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGloria?[br][originaltext]Gloriakeptget
WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutGloria?[br][originaltext]Gloriakeptget
随机试题
Scientificmethodologyisbasedongeneratinghypothesesandtestingthemto
TheladydressedinthelatestParisfashionis______inherappearancebutrud
最简单的内容资源存储方式是()。A.数据库 B.文档库 C.文件库 D.
班组核算与单机核算在项目核算中互为补充,结合起来运用,班组核算的内容主要有以下(
下列哪块肌肉不属于前臂肌()A.旋前圆肌 B.喙肱肌 C.指浅屈肌
A.举之有余,按之不足 B.浮大中空,如按葱管 C.浮细无力而软 D.沉细
药品不良反应按程度分为A.二级 B.五级 C.一级 D.四级 E.三级
恢复面正常形态的主要意义在于A.美观 B.发音 C.提高咀嚼功能 D.保证
根据《招标投标法实施条例》,招标文件要求中标人提交履约保证金的,履约保证金不得超
()围堰有两面挡水的作用。A.混凝土纵向 B.混凝土横向 C.钢板桩格形
最新回复
(
0
)