首页
登录
职称英语
We all know that programming language is the system of syntax, grammar, and s
We all know that programming language is the system of syntax, grammar, and s
游客
2025-01-05
31
管理
问题
We all know that programming language is the system of syntax, grammar, and symbols or words used to give instructions to a computer. Because computers work with binary numbers, first-generation languages, called machine languages, required the writing of long strings of binary numbers to represent such operations as add. subtract, and compare. Later improvements allowed octal, decimal, or hexadecimal representation of binary strings. It is difficult to write error-free programs in machine language many languages have been created to make programming easier and faster. Symbolic, or assembly, languages—second-generation languages—were introduced in the early 1950s. They use simple mnemonics such as "A" for add or "M" for multiply, which are translated into machine language by a computer program called an assembler. An extension of such a language is the macro instruction, a mnemonic (such as "READ") for which the assembler substitutes a series of simpler mnemonics. In the mid-1950s, a third generation of Languages came into use. Called high-level languages because they are largely independent of the hardware, these algorithmic, or procedural, languages are designed for solving a particular type of problem. Unlike machine or symbolic languages, they vary little between computers. They must be translated into machine code by a program called a compiler or interpreter. The first such language was FORTRAN (FORmula TRANslation), developed about 1956 and best used for scientific calculation. The first commercial language, COBOL (Common Business Oriented Language), was developed about 1959. ALGOL (ALGOrithmic Language), developed in Europe about 1958, is used primarily in mathematics and science, as is APL (A Programming Language), published in 1962. P1/1 (programming Language 1), developed in the late 1960s, and ADA (for Ada Augusta, countess of Lovelace, biographer of Charles Babbage), developed in 1981, are designed for both business and scientific use. For personal computers the most popular languages are BASIC (Beginners All-purpose Symbolic Instruction Code), developed in 1967 and similar to FORTRAN, and Pascal (for Blaise Pascal, who built the first successful mechanical calculator), introduced in 1971 as a teaching language. Modula 2, a Pacal-like language for commercial and mathematical applications, was introduced in 1982. The C language, introduced (1972) to implement the Unix operating system, has been extended to C++ to deal with the rigors of object-oriented programming. Fourth-generation languages are nonprocedural. They specify what is to be accomplished without describing how. The first one, FORTH, developed in 1970, is used in scientific and industrial control applications. Most fourth-generation languages are written for specific purposes. Fifth-generation languages, which are still in infancy, are an outgrowth of artificial intelligence research. PROLOG (PROgramming Logic) is useful for programming logical processes and making deductions automatically.
Many other languages have been designed to meet specialized needs. GPSS (General Purpose System Simulator) is used for modeling physical and environmental events, and SNOBOL (String-Oriented Symbolic Language) and LISP (LISt Processing) are designed for pattern matching and list processing. LOGO, a version of LISP, was developed in the 1960s to help children learn about computers. PILOT (Programmed Instruction Learning, Or Testing) is used in writing instructional software, and Occam is a nonsequential language that optimizes the execution of a program’s instructions in parallel processing systems. [br] The 3rd generation of programming language shares all the following characteristics EXCETP
选项
A、it is used in designing software.
B、it is hardware-independent.
C、is should be translated into the computer language by software.
D、it is designed to solve some specific problem.
答案
A
解析
是非题。文章中提到a third generation of languages…are largely independent of the hardware;…are designed for solving a particular type of problem;…must be translated into machine code,但是没有提到设计软件,因此选择A。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3900170.html
相关试题推荐
Themostobviousandrapidchangeinthedevelopmentofalanguagetakesplacei
Thestudyofthephonicmediumoflanguageisdefinedas______.A、morphologyB、s
Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas______.A、unnatura
AftertheWarofIndependence,Americansdesignedanewsystem.Whatit?A、Feudal
Theformmaybesimple,andthelanguageplainasdaylight,buttheinnerme
Insomelanguageslike______,pitchvariationsaremeaningdistinctive.Therefo
______dealswiththeactualuseoflanguageasasocialphenomenonandcanbeap
______referstoasociolinguisticsituationtwovarietiesofalanguageexists
LanguageandCommunicationInthestudyoflanguage,
ASystemofGuaranteedSubsistenceMinimumAhundredyea
随机试题
Anewrecordfortheoldestwomantorunamarathonhasbeenset,butitmay
Britishairisfarcleanerthanitwasafewdecadesago.Fewerpeopleusec
Researchonfriendshiphasdemonstratedthat______.[br]Theexperimentconduct
[originaltext]W:Youdon’tfeelverywell,doyou?Youlookpale.Haveyougot
大型信息技术项目一般在需求不十分清晰的情况下开始,项目分成两个主要阶段:需求定义
2000年,北京市海淀区28岁的个体工商户王建国经人介绍与北京公交集团客运二公司
目前最新的研究结果证明,吃人造肉要比吃真肉更加环保和安全。其实吃肉是一件不太环保
某企业的测评人员在一段时间内对同一岗位进行了两次测评,两次得分基本接近,说明其结
否定之否定规律揭示了事物发展是 A.自我完善的过程 B.直线前进过程和周而复
为预测我国居民家庭对电力的需求量,建立了我国居民家庭电力消耗量(Y,单位:千瓦小
最新回复
(
0
)