首页
登录
职称英语
That man is an aggressive creature will hardly be disputed. With the exceptio
That man is an aggressive creature will hardly be disputed. With the exceptio
游客
2025-01-04
13
管理
问题
That man is an aggressive creature will hardly be disputed. With the exception of certain rodents, no other vertebrate habitually destroys members of his own species. No other animal takes positive pleasure in the exercise of cruelty upon another of his own kind. We generally describe the most disgusting examples of man’s cruelty as brutal, implying by these adjectives that such behavior is characteristic of less highly developed animals than ourselves. In truth, however, the extremes of "brutal" behavior are confined to man; and there is no parallel in nature to our savage treatment of each other. The depressing fact is that we are the cruelest and most ruthless species that has ever walked the earth; and that, although we may shrink back in horror when we read in newspaper or history book of the brutalities committed by man upon man, we know in our hearts that each one of us harbors within ourselves those same savage impulses which lead to murder, to torture and to war.
To write about human aggression is a difficult task because the term is used in so many different senses. Aggression is one of those words which every one knows, but which is nevertheless hard to define. As psychologists use it, it covers a very wide range of human behavior. The red-faced infant squalling for the bottle is being aggressive; and so is the judge who awards a thirty-year sentence for robbery. The guard in a concentration camp who tortures his helpless victim is obviously acting aggressively. Less manifestly, but no less certainly, so is the neglected wife who threatens or attempts suicide in order to regain her husband’s affection. When a word becomes so diffusely applied that it is used both of the competitive striving of a footballer and also of the bloody violence of a murderer, it ought either to be dropped or else more closely defined. Aggression is a combined term which is fairly bursting at its junctions. Yet until we can more clearly designate and comprehend the various aspects of human behavior which are subsumed under this head, we cannot discard the concept.
One difficulty is that there is no clear dividing line between those forms of aggression which we all deplore and those which we must not disown if we are to survive. When a child rebels against authority it is being aggressive; but it is also manifesting a drive towards independence which is a necessary and valuable part of growing up. The desire for power has, in extreme form, disastrous aspects which we all acknowledge; but the drive to conquer difficulties, or to gain mastery over the external world underlies the greatest of human achievements. Some writers define aggression as "that response which follows frustration", or as "an act whose goal-response is injury to an organism (or organism surrogate)". In the author’s view these definitions impose limits upon the concept of aggression which are not in accord with the underlying facts of human nature which the word is attempting to express. It is worth noticing, for instance, that the words we use to describe intellectual effort are aggressive words. We attack problems, or get our teeth into them. We master a subject when we have struggled with and overcome its difficulties. We sharpen our wits, hoping that our mind will develop a keen edge in order that we may better divide a problem into its component parts. Although intellectual tasks are often frustrating, to argue that all intellectual effort is the result of frustration is to impose too negative a coloring upon the positive impulse to comprehend and master the external world. [br] This passage is probably taken from an article on ______.
选项
A、man’s brutalities upon man
B、definition of aggression
C、aggression underlying human behaviors
D、man’s drive to master the external world
答案
C
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3898551.html
相关试题推荐
Thatmanisanaggressivecreaturewillhardlybedisputed.Withtheexceptio
Thatmanisanaggressivecreaturewillhardlybedisputed.Withtheexceptio
Itishardtotrackthebluewhale,theocean’slargestcreature,whichhasa
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpas
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpas
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpas
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpas
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpas
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpas
Weuselanguageeveryday.Weliveinaworldofwords.Hardlyanymomentpas
随机试题
Theplaywright’sparliamentarycareerwasnotableforhiseloquentspeechesmade
AtthebottomoftheworldliesamightycontinentstillwrappedintheIce
古希腊悲剧中,于无知中犯了杀父娶母罪行的英雄是()A.伊阿宋 B.俄狄浦斯
铝合金明框玻璃幕墙铝型材的表面处理有以下四种方式,其耐久程度按由高到低的顺序排列
对配筋混凝土桥梁的承载能力检算评定时,为确定承载能力恶化系数ξe需对多项材质状况
下列关于保荐人提供虚假证明文件、出具证明文件重大失实的法律责任中,错误的是(
A.四逆散 B.逍遥散 C.大柴胡汤 D.葛根芩连汤 E.小柴胡汤和解少
(2017年真题)了解客户包含的内容有()。A.目标客户的金融需求的主要内
已知经营杠杆系数为4,每年的固定成本为9万元,利息费用为0.8万元,资本化利息为
某水闸闸墩合理使用年限为50年,所处的侵蚀环境类别为三类,其钢筋的混凝土保护
最新回复
(
0
)