首页
登录
职称英语
Primary Functions of the Family The family is a basic u
Primary Functions of the Family The family is a basic u
游客
2024-12-23
0
管理
问题
Primary Functions of the Family
The family is a basic unit in a society. Sociologists have done much. research about the function of family, and have come up with different opinions. This lecture is about some positive functions the family plays in human society.
Ⅰ. Definition of the Family
A family is a set of people who are related by blood, marriage,
or 1 and who share the primary responsibility for the society. 【1】______.
Ⅱ. Understanding of the Family Functions in the Past
The family functioned as a .source of society inequality or injustice because
A. It plays a role in the 2 of power, property, and privilege. 【2】______.
B. It denies opportunities to 3 and limits freedom 【3】______.
in sexual expression and mate selection.
Ⅲ. Family Performs Six Major Functions in Modern Society.
A. As a social system, it satisfies the needs of its members and contributes
to the 4 of society. 【4】______.
B. As a basic unit of society, the family performs six vital functions:
1 Reproduction: Through reproduction, it contributes to human 5 . 【5】______.
2 Protection: Human children experience
a very long period of 6 and the family 【6】______.
assumes the responsibility of protecting and bringing up children.
3 Socialization; The family transmits norms,
values and 7 of a culture to the child. 【7】______.
4 Sexual behaviour 8 : Standards of sexual behaviour are most clearly defined【8】______.
within the family circle.
5 Supplying 9 : The family provides its members with warm and intimate 【9】______.
relationships and helps them feel satisfied and warm.
6 Providing social status: People inherit a social position
including 10 because of their family background. 【10】______. [br] 【6】
Good morning, everybody. In our lecture last week, we started our discussion of the family, and we ended the lecture with a comprehensive definition for this important concept. Today, we are going to focus on the functions of the family. That is, we will look at what the family can do to a society. Although it has many different forms, as a social institution, the family is present in all cultures. As a basic unit of society, what functions does the family perform in it? This is a question that interests many sociologists. As we have already talked about, a family can be defined as a set of people who are related by blood, marriage, or adoption and who share the primary responsibility for reproduction and caring for members of society.
Do we really need the family? Most of us may say "Yes, of course. "But there have also been scholars who disagreed. For example, more than a century ago, Friedrich Engels described family as an essential source of society inequality. That is, in his eyes, because the family plays a role in the transfer of power, property, and privilege. More recently, conflict theorists have also argued that the American family contributes to social injustice, denies opportunities to women that are given to men, and limits freedom in sexual expression and mate selection.
In order to evaluate such issues, it is helpful to use the tools provided by the functionalist perspective. This means that we should examine how a social system satisfies the needs of its members and how it contributes to the stability of society. The family fulfils a number of functions, such as providing religious training, education, and recreational outlets. Yet according to sociologist William F. Ogburn a half-century ago, the family mainly performs six very important functions in the society. In the following part of the lecture, let’s explore these functions one by one.
The first of the six paramount functions is reproduction This is easy to understand. As we know, if a society wants to maintain itself, it must replace dying members with newly born ones. By reproducing new members, the family can help maintain proper proportion of working force, thus ensuring the smooth running of the system as a whole. In this sense, the family contributes to the human survival through its function of reproduction.
The second is the function of protection. You may not like this, but you have to admit that human beings are extremely vulnerable. Unlike the young of animal species, human infants need constant care and economic security. They experience an extremely long period of dependency, which place special demands on elderly family members. In all societies, the family assumes ultimate responsibilities for the protection and upbringing of children.
What do you think is the third one? Well, it’s the function of socialization. By definition, socialization refers to the process in which people learn the attitudes, values and actions appropriate to individuals in a particular culture. In a family, parents and other kin monitor a child’s behaviour and transmit the norms, values, and language of a culture to the child. By doing these, they are helping the child to fit into the society, which is the final objective of socialization. Of course, as conflict theorists point out, the social class of couples and their children significantly influences the socialization experiences they are exposed to and the protection they receive.
Regulation of sexual behaviour is the next function we’ll discuss. Sexual norms are subject to change over time, for example, changes in customs for dating, and cross cultures. However, whatever the time period or cultural values in a society, standards of sexual behaviour are most clearly defined within the family circle. The structure of society influences these standards so that, characteristically in male-dominated societies, formal and informal norms permit men to express and enjoy their sexual desires more freely than women may.
The fifth function is the function of affection and companionship. Ideally, the family provides members with warm and intimate relationships and helps them feel satisfied and secure. Of course, a family member may find such rewards outside the family--from peers, in school, at work--and may perceive the home as an unpleasant place. Nevertheless, the family is obligated to serve the emotional needs of its members. We expect our relatives to understand us to care for us, and to be there for us when we need them.
The last one of the six paramount functions is the providing of social status. We inherit a social position because of the "family background" and reputation of our parents and siblings. The family unit presents the newborn child with a specific status of race and ethnicity that helps to determine his or her place within a society’s stratification system. Moreover, family resources affect children’s ability to pursue certain opportunities such as higher education and specialized lessons.
Now it’s time to put this lecture to an end. Today we mainly looked at the six vital functions of the family in human societies, namely, reproduction, protection, socialization, sexual behaviour regulation, supplying affection and companionship, and providing social status. However, one might ask if the family can effectively fulfil these weighty responsibilities. In our lecture next week, we will begin a more detailed examination of marital and family life in several countries to see how the family meet these needs. So see you then.
选项
答案
dependency
解析
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3881172.html
相关试题推荐
Asforfunctionsoflanguage,Jakobsondefinedthefollowingkeyelementsofcom
PrimaryFunctionsoftheFamilyThefamilyisabasicu
PrimaryFunctionsoftheFamilyThefamilyisabasicu
PrimaryFunctionsoftheFamilyThefamilyisabasicu
PrimaryFunctionsoftheFamilyThefamilyisabasicu
PrimaryFunctionsoftheFamilyThefamilyisabasicu
PrimaryFunctionsoftheFamilyThefamilyisabasicu
AccordingtotheUNChildren’sFund,howmanychildrenofprimaryschoolagewe
ThefollowinglanguagesbelongtoIndo-EuropeanLanguageFamilyEXCEPT______.A、
WhichofthefollowingisNOTthe"primary"industriesofnationaleconomiesin
随机试题
Lastyear,heperformedinsevenproductions.去年,他参演了7部作品。
压实机具为振动压路机时,每层回填土的虚铺厚度()A.≤200mm B.≤
根据《建设工程施工劳务分包合同(示范文本)》(GF-2003-0214)关于工时
患儿,2岁。平素喜进肉食,5天前因过食虾仁而出现腹胀嗳气,食欲减退,口臭,大便3
检验批可根据施工、质量控制和专业验收的需要,可按( )进行划分。 A、工程量
根据民事法律制度的规定,下列选项中可以设立质权的是( )。A.建设用地使用权
关于从事生产、经营的纳税人向生产、经营所在地税务机关申报办理税务登记的说法中,错
电力系统中,330kV并联电抗器容量和台数的选择,下面哪个因素可不考虑? (A
一台三相感应电动机在额定电压下空载启动与在额定电压下满载启动相比,两种情况下合闸
男,70岁,痰中带血1月余,吸烟10年。40支/天。胸部X线片:右肺门大块影伴右
最新回复
(
0
)