首页
登录
职称英语
Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author among things that are inhe
Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author among things that are inhe
游客
2024-12-16
30
管理
问题
Which of the following is NOT mentioned by the author among things that are inherited from ancestors?
M: Can wearing sun glasses make you more vulnerable to sunburn? Are there people who can resist the AIDS virus better than others? Can a human body rust to death? In his new book Survival of the Sickest, a Medical Maverick discovers why we need disease. Sharon Moalem explores these and other medical mysteries. Sharon, nice to see you, good morning. Let me dare say, you are an evolutionary biologist and a neural geneticist.
W: That’s right.
M: What is that and why does it make you look at things from different points of view?
W: Well, the evolutionary biologist part, it allows me to understand how our ancestors essentially influence who we are today. So whatever they experienced, be it a plague or a climate change, they adapted, they survived, and they passed down those adaptations to us like skin color or disease.
M: So let’s take a look at this question of "is it possible for people to actually rust to death?" Medically speaking, is it possible?
W: Yes, thank you for asking that question. Ah, it is. Over a million Americans might be at risk from too much iron. Today you absorb too much iron from the diet, and it essentially gets into certain organs and over time can rust them. So if it’s in the liver, it can cause liver cancer.
M: You actually suffer from this.
W: Right.
M: So, this, and the treatment for this sounds a bit barbaric.
W: Well, it’s amazing actually. It’s a simple blood donation.
M: But it’s basically bleeding someway.
W: Right.
M: Well, you’re getting rid of the iron-rich blood so that it can build up slowly again over time.
W: Right.
M: Alright. The second idea, sun exposure, skin disease experts everywhere are gonna be shocked when they hear this, because they say "stay out of the sun, no matter what". And you say "a certain amount of sun exposure actually can make us healthier".
W: Right, essentially, we need vitamin D, so we evolve to convert cholesterol into vitamin D. Those are a few steps to get it and Vitamin D is not just good for the bone, it’s good for the immune system. So take African-Americans for example, who live in the northeastern United States, they’re at higher risk for prostate cancer than their cousins in Florida. And the reason for this is they don’t get enough sun.
M: And another example: the cholesterol levels in people tend to go up in the winter.
W: That’s right.
M: Because you’re not breaking down the cholesterol into vitamin D in the same levels.
W: Exactly.
M: Alright. But this is very individual. You shouldn’t just tell everybody "go out and get in the sun".
W: Oh, no, no. And again this is an example of an evolutionary compromise. You shouldn’t get too much sun, but you still need the sun.
M: You talked about evolution. You talked about genes. And there’s an interesting point you make in the book. If a disease is a disadvantage to survival, in other words, it promotes premature death, then these people live shorter amount of time, they are less likely to reproduce. Why wouldn’t the gene disappear over time?
W: Right. Because it has to be protective. It protected the people in the past from the plague and it still fights to protect people today.
M: How about this one? Wearing sunglasses increases the chance of sunburn. And this is true?
W: Right, this is fascinating. So, our eyes sense sunlight and once they do, they produce a hormone that gets the skin kick started to start the tanning process. And by putting on sunglasses, you are short-circuiting in that process. So you shouldn’t go out into the sun, and of course without eyewear, eye protection, but take it off for 10 minutes.
M: So just in 10 minutes, you can promote the production of that hormone and protect yourself from burning.
W: Right, you’ll start tanning.
M: And by the way, we have had researchers; there are medical studies that back all these things up. Organic vegetables are always safer. True or false?
W: False.
M: Why?
W: Plants can’t run away when someone comes to eat them. So they’re great at chemicals and they make poisons. And an example of this is organic celery. Now if an insect comes and starts chewing on it, it’s because it’s not sprayed with pesticides.
M: Right.
W: It will produce its own chemical. As an example of what can go wrong, a woman in Germany juiced a lot of celery and then went tanning, and suffered a second-degree burns.
M: Alright. And finally, now, this sounds like a stereotype that many Asians can’t tolerate alcohol.
W: So this turns out to be true. 50% of Asians lack a gene that allows them to break down alcohol efficiently. And what happens is that in an allergic reaction, they appear drunk, their face gets red and flushed, but it’s great, ’cause it actually protects them from becoming an alcoholic.
M: If you’re kind of a person who likes to look at medicine and medical mysteries and then kinda turn everything upside down, this is a great book for you. It’s called Survival of the Sickest. Sharon Molaem, thanks very much.
W: Thank you for appreciating it.
选项
A、Complexion.
B、Diseases.
C、Adaptation ability.
D、Intelligence.
答案
D
解析
对话开始不久,Sharon承认自己是进化论生物学家,并解释说,人类的祖先将他们的适应能力遗传给后代,这种适应能力可以体现在肤色上,也可以体现在疾病上,因此选项A、B、C对话中均有提及,只有D未提及,故D为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3877047.html
相关试题推荐
WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthelaunchofE-petitionsisCORRECT?[b
WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthelaunchofE-petitionsisCORRECT?[o
WhichofthefollowingstatementsisCORRECT?[originaltext]Anarsonattack
WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthoramongthingsthatareinhe
WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthoramongthingsthatareinhe
WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedbytheauthoramongthingsthatareinhe
ThingstobeTaughtinEverySchoolI.Introduction:Importa
ThingstobeTaughtinEverySchoolI.Introduction:Importa
ThingstobeTaughtinEverySchoolI.Introduction:Importa
ThingstobeTaughtinEverySchoolI.Introduction:Importa
随机试题
(79)Inwhatnowseemsliketheprehistorictimesofcomputerhistory,theea
[originaltext]ThenotoriousYasukuniShrineinTokyoonSaturdaymadefallac
Negotiationsworkwonders.Thisisparticularlysoininternationalbusiness
[originaltext]ThisisBBCnews.USnewspapersfromoneendofthenation
女婴,5天。生后因保温不当,第3天起体温下降,吮乳差,哭声弱。体检:心率缓慢,双
局域网∶计算机∶文件共享A.空间站∶航天员∶科学实验 B.图书馆∶阅览室∶文献
电子致密物沉积病的病变特点是A.肾小球基底膜上皮下有免疫复合物沉积 B.肾小球
如果某商业银行持有1000万美元资产,700万美元负债,美元远期多头500万,美
某企业根据人力资源需求与供给状况及相关资料,制定2017年人力资源总体规划和人员
患者女,58岁。阵发性胸闷4年,持续加重5小时后突发意识丧失。查体:BP40/2
最新回复
(
0
)