首页
登录
职称英语
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform bet
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform bet
游客
2024-11-29
43
管理
问题
Scientists already knew that bilingual young adults and children perform better on tasks dictated by the brain’s executive control system. Located at the front of the brain, this system is "the basis for your ability to think in complex ways, control attention, and do everything we think of as uniquely human thought," said Ellen Bialystok, a psychologist at York University in Toronto, Canada.
Now studies are revealing that advantages of bilingualism persist into old age, even as the brain’s sharpness naturally declines, Bialystok said Friday at a meeting of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in Washington, D. C. Bialystok and colleagues examined 102 longtime bilingual and 109 monolingual Alzheimer’s patients who had the same level of mental acuity. About 24 million people have dementia worldwide, with the majority of them suffering from Alzheimer’s, according to Sweden’s Karolinska Institutet medical university.
The bilingual patients had been diagnosed with the Alzheimer’s about four years later than the monolingual patients, on average, according to Bialystok’s most recent study, published in November in the journal Neurology. This suggests bilingualism is "protecting older adults, even as Alzheimer’s is beginning to affect cognitive function," Bialystok said.
Bialystok is also studying physical differences between bilingual and monolingual brains. In a new experiment, she used CT scans to examine brains of monolinguals and bilinguals with dementia. All the subjects were the same age and functioned at the same cognitive level.
"The physical effects of the disease in the brain were found to be more advanced in the bilinguals’ brains, even though their mental ability was roughly the same," Bialystok told National Geographic News. Apparently, the bilinguals’ brains are somehow compensating, she said. "Even though the ’machine’ is more broken, they can function at the same level as a monolingual with less disease," she said.
"Benefits of bilingualism can begin in uterus," Janet Werker, a psychologist at the University of British Columbia, Canada, told the news briefing. For instance, Werker and colleagues’ recent studies show that babies exposed to two languages in uterus do not confuse their languages from birth.
The mental workout required to keep the languages separate may create an "enhanced perceptual vigilance that has lifelong benefits," Werker said. "What I’d like to suggest is the kind of advantages you’ve heard about in aging can be established from those first days of life, in babies having to keep the two languages apart."
Granted, people born into bilingualism have it a bit easier. "One of the things babies have is the luxury of time—they get the opportunity to really focus on task at hand," Werker said. "If we want to learn a second language, we need to set time aside to allow that to happen" and evidence suggests the payoff is worth it.
Even if you don’t learn a second language until after middle age, it can still help stave off dementia, York’s Bialystok said. Being "bilingual is one way to keep your brain active—it’s part of the cognitive-reserve approach to brain fitness," Bialystok said. And when it comes to exercising the brain by learning another language, she added, "the more the better and every little bit helps. " [br] Babies born into bilingualism can have lifelong benefits because
选项
A、they have sufficient time to learn languages.
B、they have the opportunity to learn in uterus.
C、they have enhanced cognitive capabilities.
D、they are more concentrated on the learning task.
答案
C
解析
细节题。由题干中的babies born into bilingualism和lifelong benefits定位到第六至八段。第七段第一句提到,双语创造了一种增强的认识警觉能力,这使我们终身受益。换句话说,出生于双语环境中的宝宝能够终身受益的原因就在于他们有“enhanced cognitive capabilities”,故[C]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3866521.html
相关试题推荐
Scientistsalreadyknewthatbilingualyoungadultsandchildrenperformbet
Scientistsalreadyknewthatbilingualyoungadultsandchildrenperformbet
Scientistsalreadyknewthatbilingualyoungadultsandchildrenperformbet
Scientistsalreadyknewthatbilingualyoungadultsandchildrenperformbet
Thedistinctionbetweencompetenceandperformanceismadeby______.A、SaussureB
The______holdsthatchildrenarebornwithaninnatemechanismthatallowsthem
Childrenseemtolosehairasaresponsetofeelingabandoned.The【M1】______
Childrenseemtolosehairasaresponsetofeelingabandoned.The【M1】______
Childrenseemtolosehairasaresponsetofeelingabandoned.The【M1】______
Childrenseemtolosehairasaresponsetofeelingabandoned.The【M1】______
随机试题
WeliveinsouthernCaliforniagrowinggrapes,afirstgenerationofvintner
1.题目:八年级《苏州园林》片段教学 2.内容: 我国的建筑,从古代的宫殿到
我国高等教育层次结构调整的基本途径包括()。A.停止高等教育大众化 B.继续
根据公文的来源,在一个机关内可将公文分为()。A.收文、发文 B.上行文、平行
半夏泻心汤的组成药物中,除半夏、人参、甘草、生姜、大枣外,还有()A.黄连
2017年我国成年国民图书阅读率为59.1%,比上年增加0.3个百分点;报纸阅读
某地区三种农副产品的收购资料如表7-2所示。 表7-2 请根据上述
平衡计分卡是一个有效的战略执行系统,通过引入程序可以使得管理者能够把长期行为与短
张某兴办甲个人独资企业,2016年相关财务资料如下: (1)向非金融企业借
刺激小肠粘膜释放缩胆囊素作用最强的物质是A、盐酸 B、蛋白质分解产物 C、脂
最新回复
(
0
)