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  3. Competition considered as the main thing in life is too grim, too tenacious, too

Competition considered as the main thing in life is too grim, too tenacious, too

游客2024-11-23  32
问题 Competition considered as the main thing in life is too grim, too tenacious, too much a matter of taut muscles and intent will, to make a possible basis of life for more than one or two generations at most. After that length of time it must produce nervous fatigue, various phenomena of escape, a pursuit of pleasures as tense and as difficult as work ( since relaxing has become impossible ) , and in the end a disappearance of the stock through sterility. It is not only work that is poisoned by the philosophy of competition; leisure is poisoned just as much. The kind of leisure which is quiet and restoring to the nerves comes to be felt boring. There is bound to be continual acceleration of which the natural termination would be drugs and collapse. The cure for this lies in admitting the part of sane and quiet enjoyment in a balanced ideal of life.
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答案 竞争如果被当作生活的主要内容，就会过于残忍、过于顽固、过于引发肌肉紧绷和意志集中。因此，在最多一代或两代后，它就不再能够成为生活的基础。那段时间之后，它一定会产生疲劳、产生各种逃避现象、产生对享乐如同对工作般的紧张而艰难的追求(由于放松变得不可能)，最后导致种族由于不孕而消失。不仅是工作受到竞争哲学的毒害；休闲也受到同样程度的毒害。那种安静和对神经具备恢复性的休闲变得让人感到无聊。加速运转肯定会持续，其自然结果是药物和崩溃。治愈方法在于，在“保持生活平衡”的观念之下，接受健全而宁静的那部分乐趣。
解析 1．第一句很长，逻辑关系也比较复杂，理清关系之后，翻译时要适当添加一些成分，使句子通顺。“如果”和“因此”这两个连词的增加，使译文句子的逻辑关系更加明了，也把句子恰当地断开。
2．第二句中，produce是“产生”的意思。produce nervous fatigue，various phenomena of escape，a pursuit of pleasures中几个并列宾语直接译出即可，“产生疲劳、产生各种逃避现象、产生对享乐的追求”。pursuit一词在句子中还有一串后置的定语as tense and as difficult as work，译文中换成前置的修饰语“如同对工作般的紧张而艰难的追求”。“stock”本义指“家畜”，这里指“人类”；“through sterility”这里翻译成“由于不孕”，不能翻译成“通过不孕”，否则意思就变了。
3．第三句相对简单些，句子没那么长，由两个分句组成，直接译出即可。注意just as much指“同样程度地”。
4．第四句中，定语从句译成形容词作定语放到名词主语前面。The kind of leisure which is quietand restoring to the nerves译为“那种安静和对神经具备恢复性的休闲”；be felt boring意思是“让人感到无聊”。
5．第五句中，is bound to表示“一定，肯定”的意思；There is bound to be continual acceleration译成“加速运转肯定会持续”。
6．最后一句中，lies in用“存在于”表示。句末状语in a balanced ideal of life在译文中提到谓语前更符合汉语将重点放在句尾的表达习惯。
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