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  3. Passage Two (1) With the political mood in the U. S. and U. K. growing

Passage Two (1) With the political mood in the U. S. and U. K. growing

游客2024-11-03  2
问题     Passage Two
    (1)  With the political mood in the U. S. and U. K. growing more introspective, French business schools are sensing an opportunity to attract more international students to their campuses at home and abroad.
    (2)  In recent years the focus of French business schools has been on consolidation and mergers, such as those that created both Neoma and Kedge in 2013. Some have been more successful than others and the trend may be coming to an end. "I don’t think we will see many more mergers," says Jean Michel Blanquer, dean of Essec.  "The mergers that made sense have been done. "
    (3)  This return to greater stability at home is one factor encouraging some French schools to look outward. There is also pressure from government. French higher education lags behind the world’s main providers of general transnational education—the U. S., U. K. and Australia—and a recent report by government-affiliated think-tank France Strategie, highlighted an "urgent" need for a new approach.
    (4)   While French business schools are among the more active higher education institutions overseas, teaching some 3,000 students outside France, there is awareness that there is potential for growth. In order for a French school to gain accreditation (鉴定合格) from the ministry of national education for its academic awards, it must now demonstrate a clearly defined strategy for international expansion.
    (5)  But being international is not enough, says Bernard Belletante, director-general of EMLyon. "We’ve been sending students abroad for many years and internationalisation is not a problem thanks to the EU," he says.  "Now we have to move to globalisation. "
    (6)  Financial pressures are also an important driver pushing French schools to seek new markets. There are several categories of business school in France-, those part of a public university (the Institut d’Administration des Entreprises network); privately-run business schools that operate like companies with shareholders; some that operate as non-profits under the status of etablissement d’enseignement superieur prive d’interet general (private higher education institutions with a public interest) ; and the ecoles consulages, a final group that includes big schools such as HEC and ESCP Europe, which are overseen, in part, by the French Chambers of Commerce.
    (7)   " Although each category has its specific challenges, all are faced with the significant decrease of public funding," explains Frank Bournois, dean of ESCP Europe, referring to cuts in funding from the French Chambers of Commerce and the local apprenticeship tax. Also, while France offers attractive tax incentives to philanthropists, French business school foundations are still learning the art of attracting wealthy donors.
    (8)  French schools therefore spy new revenue opportunities abroad. " The domestic market is already mature, so growth lies in the recruitment of international students," says Jean Guy Bernard, the dean of EM Normandie.
    (9)  For some, that recruitment strategy means opening campuses in different continents. The latest to open, at the end of September, is Shenzhen Audencia Business School (SABS) , a joint venture between Audencia business school, based in Nantes, and Shenzhen University in southern China’s Guangdong Province.
    (10)  Launching three programmes in 2017—an MBA, a DBA and a masters—SABS aims to attract 500 students in three years. Audencia also plans to launch a campus in Latin America within three years, while an agreement with the Ivory Coast’s Institut National Polytechnique Felix Houphouet Boigny was announced earlier this year.
    (11)  In September, Paris-based Essec began teaching in Rabat, Morocco, where its new Africa-Atlantic campus opens next year, with the aim of attracting students from across west Africa, complementing its east Africa-Indian Ocean campus in Mauritius. "Our goal is to be multi-polar, present in the business hubs of each continent," says Prof Blanquer, its dean.
    (12)  EMLyon, which already serves Africa with a campus in Casablanca and is stepping up its partnership with East China Normal University to create a joint school in Shanghai named Asia-Europe Business School, is now targeting South America, according to its dean.
    (13)   "I’m convinced that in 10 years the international accreditation bodies will be demanding evidence of the internationalisation of a school’s graduates, for example, 50 percent of graduates who are not French," predicts EMLyon’s Belletante.  "That’s impossible if you are not going abroad. "
    (14)  French schools must beware of a copy-and-paste approach, says Francois Bonvalet, dean of Toulouse Business School, which now has international campuses in London, Barcelona and Casablanca. " We need to pull from the French savoir-faire (机敏) ," says Prof Bonvalet, but applied work and teaching practices must be adapted to local norms. He also cautions that the cost of establishing campuses abroad can be detrimental to the home campus.
    (15)  "It’s expensive to operate abroad especially in areas where tuition fees cannot be raised," he explains. " As we want to have harmonisation within our programmes taught across multiple campuses, the expenses of one campus limits what we are able to do in France.  So our business model must be well defined. "
    (16)  Other schools, such as HEC Paris, are stopping short of investing in new campuses abroad, choosing instead to partner with business schools around the world to offer joint and double degrees and student and faculty exchanges. Schools that perform well in global rankings can leverage the power of their international brand to attract more international students to their programmes in France, often using overseas offices and fairs.
    (17)   Whatever their strategy, globalisation is causing many schools to reflect on their French identity, consider how best to market the strengths that have cachet (声望) abroad and discard French specifics that hold them back.
    (18)   For example, the traditional French system of classes preparatoires (preparatory classes), which organises the selection and preparation of students for competitive exams into the leading business schools, is not accessible to international students. All classes are in French, with a strong emphasis on maths and French humanities or liberal arts.
    (19)   But a growing number of students are now entering bachelor degree programmes that have been introduced alongside the classes preparatoires. "It’s drastically changing the game," says ESCP’s Prof Bournois. "This new track is becoming more attractive to non-French students. "
    (20)  According to Eloic Peyrache, associate dean of HEC, many French business schools tend to be more multi-disciplinary than their U. S. or British counterparts and offer more academic content and greater contact time with faculty.
    (21)  Prof Peyrache thinks French schools also excel in the personal development of students. "We work on three dimensions at HEC. Know yourself, know the market and match yourself with the market," he says. "French business schools spend more on the ’ know yourself . We tend to have slightly longer programmes, which leaves more time for broadening horizons and opportunities to learn. We give students longer time to ask questions and find answers. " [br] Which of the following statements about the international expansion of French business schools is CORRECT?
选项 A、Audencia has recruited 500 students in Latin America.
B、Essec has established its new campus in west Africa.
C、EMLyon has a South American campus under construction.
D、Toulouse Business School has branches in Europe and Africa.
答案 D
解析 推断题。根据题干提示定位至第九段到第十四段。第十四段第一句指出，图卢兹商学院目前在伦敦、巴塞罗那和卡萨布兰卡拥有国际校区，而第十二段提到里昂商学院早已通过卡萨布兰卡校区为非洲提供教育服务，由此可以推断，卡萨布兰卡校区位于非洲，[D]符合原文，故为答案。第十段第一句提到法国南特高等商学院与深圳大学合办的深圳大学南特商学院旨在3年内招收500名学生，紧接着第二句指出法国南特高等商学院还计划3年内在拉美建立一个分校，由此可知，这500名学生是该校计划在中国招收的，而不是在拉美地区已经招到的，[A]与原文表述不符，故排除；第十一段第一句指出去年9月，总部位于巴黎的高等经济商业学院开始在摩洛哥的拉巴特教学，学院位于该市的非洲一大西洋新校区将于明年落成启用，目的是吸引整个西非的学生，由此可知，高等经济商业学院的西非新校区目前并未建好，故排除[B]；第十二段提到里昂商学院目前正瞄准南美地区，并正在加紧与华东师范大学的合作，在上海创建一所名为亚欧商学院的合办学院，由此可知，里昂商学院正在建设的海外校区是位于上海的亚欧商学院，南美校区只是一个目标，还未投入建设，故排除[C]。
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