A broad public discussion of environmental problems began in the mid-1980s,

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问题     A broad public discussion of environmental problems began in the
mid-1980s, when the first "green" groups formed in opposition to
Erevan’s intense industrial air pollution and to nuclear power generation
in wake of the 1986 reactor explosion at Chernobyl.  Environmental【S1】_________________
issues helped form the basis of the nationalist independence movement
when environmental demonstrations subsequently merged with these for【S2】_________________
other political causes in the late 1980s.
    In independent Armenia, environmental issues divide society into
those who fear of" environmental time bombs" and those who view【S3】_________________
resumption of pollution-prone industrial operations as the only mean of【S4】_________________
improving the country’s economy. In the early 1990s, the latter group
blamed Armenia’s economic woes on a role played by the former in【S5】_________________
closing major industries.
    In 1994 three national environmental laws were in effect; the Law
on Environmental Protection, the Basic Law on the Environment, and the
Law on Mineral Resources. The Council of Ministers, Armenia’s cabinet,
includes a minister of the environment.  Therefore, no comprehensive【S6】_________________
environmental  protection  program  has  emerged,  and  decisions  on
environmental policy have been made on an ad hoc basis.
    Environmental conditions in Armenia have been worsened by the
Azerbaijani blockade of supplies and electricity from outside. The results
of the blockade and the failure of diplomatic efforts to lift it led the
government propose reconstruction of the Armenian Atomic Power Station【S7】_________________
at Metsamor, which was closed after the 1988 earthquake because of its
location in an earthquake-prone area and what had the same safety problems【S8】_________________
as reactors listed as dangerous in Bulgaria,  Russia,  and Slovakia.
After heating debates over startup continued through 1993, French and【S9】_________________
Russian nuclear consultants declared operating conditions basically safe.
Continuation of the blockade into 1994 gave added emergency to the【S10】________________
decision. [br] 【S5】

选项

答案 a—the

解析 冠词误用。该处role被后置定语played by the former in closing major industries修饰,可见其为特指,故将不定冠词a改为定冠词the。
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