首页
登录
职称英语
A long-held view of the history of the English colonies that became the Uni
A long-held view of the history of the English colonies that became the Uni
游客
2024-10-31
24
管理
问题
A long-held view of the history of the English colonies that became the United States has been that England’ s policy toward these colonies before 1763 was dictated by commercial interests and that a change to a more imperial policy, dominated by expansionist militarist objectives, generated the tensions that ultimately led to the American Revolution. In a recent study, Stephen Saunders Webb has presented a formidable challenge to this view. According to Webb. England already had a military imperial policy for mote than a century before the American Revolution. He sees Charles II, the English monarch between 1660 and 1685 as’ the proper successor of the Tudor monarchs of the sixteenth century and of Oliver Cromwell, all of whom were bent on extending centralized executive power over England’ s possessions through the use of what Webb calls "Garrison government." Garrison government allowed the colonists a legislative assembly, but real authority, in Webb’ s view, belonged to the colonial governor, who was appointed by the king and supported by the "garrison," that is, by the local contingent of English troops under the colonial governor’ s command.
According to Webb, the purpose of garrison government was to provide military support for a royal policy designed to limit the power of the upper classes in the American colonies. Webb argues that the colonial legislative assemblies represented the interests not of the common people but of the colonial upper classes, a coalition of merchants and nobility who favored self-rule and sought to elevate legislative authority at the expense of the executive. It was, according to Webb, the colonial governors who favored the small farmer, opposed the plantation system and tried through taxation to break up large holdings of land. Backed by the military presence of the garrison, these governors tried to prevent the gentry and merchants allied in the colonial assemblies from transforming colonial America into a capitalistic oligarchy.
Webb’s study illuminates the political alignments that existed in the colonies in the century prior to the American Revolution, but his view of the crowns use of the military as an instrument of colonial policy is not entirely convincing. England during the seventeenth century was not noted for its military achievements. Cromwell did mount England’s most ambitious overseas military expedition in more than a century, but it proved to be an utter failure. Under Charles Ⅱ, the English army was too small to be a major instrument of government. Not until the war with France in 1597 did William Ⅲ persuade Parliament to create a professional standing army, and Parliament’ s price for doing so was to keep the army under tight legislative control. While it may be true that the crown attempted to curtail the power of the colonial upper classes, it is hard to imagine how the English army during the seventeenth century could have provided significant military support for such a policy. [br] The passage can best be described as a______.
选项
A、survey of the inadequacies of a conventional viewpoint
B、reconciliation of opposing points of view
C、summary and evaluation of a recent study
D、defense of a new thesis from anticipated objections
答案
C
解析
这篇文章描述了Stephen Saunders Webb最近的研究结果,并且在文章的第三段摆出了作者的观点。如“…but his view of the crowns use of the military as an instrument of colonial policy is not entirely convincing.”。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3825224.html
相关试题推荐
StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentifythecircumstancesth
StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentifythecircumstancesth
StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentifythecircumstancesth
StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentifythecircumstancesth
Theforeignstudentadvisorrecommendedthatshe______moreEnglishbeforeenrol
TheStoneAgewasaperiodofhistorywhichbeganinapproximately2millio
TheStoneAgewasaperiodofhistorywhichbeganinapproximately2millio
SusanPatrick,graduatestudent,becameparalyzedfromthewaistdownteny
SusanPatrick,graduatestudent,becameparalyzedfromthewaistdownteny
Oneofthemostvividofthemythicalepisodesaddedtothehistoryofthe
随机试题
Schoolshootingsareinthenewsagain.AnOhioteenageropenedfireonfive
D
A.0 B.π/2 C.π/6 D.π/3
新闻传播主体所享有的传播自由包括()A.创办媒体 B.采集新闻 C.传播一切
设某文件系统采用两级目录结构,主目录有10个子目录,每个子目录中有10个目
碳酸氢钠服用后与胃中的胃酸中和时所产生的二氧化碳可引起A.胃胀和嗳气B.心律失常
在教育教学的细节中如何做到尊重学生的个别差异()A.对学生一视同仁.一样要求
我国2011年固定资本形成总额比居民消费支出大约高出多少?() A.20.
设立证券公司需要符合的条件有()。 A.有完善的风险管理和内部控制制度
()是最常用、最重要的风险缓释措施。A.担保 B.净额结算 C.抵押 D
最新回复
(
0
)