2. 职称英语
  3. In an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the

In an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the

游客2024-10-28  25
问题    In an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the mysterious dragon bone hieroglyphics." Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one : "to promise or show something desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope." Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a word’s origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [＞Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the word’s origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning "to tease or torment by arousing desire"?
   Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes such an alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plug their ears so that they wouldn’t hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger!
   When someone speaks of a "jovial mood" or a "herculean effort," he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths.
   Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, and Thursday was originally Thor’s day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology, including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements. Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too.
   It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language.
选项 A、to describe the work of some Chinese scholars
B、to arouse readers’ interest in hieroglyphics
C、to lead readers onto the main theme
D、to link the preceding part to the present one
答案 C
解析 语篇结构题。第一段的首句和第二句中都出现了tantalize一词，第二句之后所有内容都围绕tantalize进行解释分析，可见首句是个引文。自然过渡到对tantalize的分析，引出词源这个话题，这是英文最常见的开篇方式之一，故[C]为正确答案。全文只有首句提到“中国学者”，本文主旨与中国学者无关，排除[A]。引文的目的之一就是引起读者的注意，但这里是要引起读者对词源的关注，而非象形文字，排除[B]。首句之前没有内容，因此谈不上承上，排除[D]。
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