首页
登录
职称英语
By 1950. the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experi
By 1950. the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experi
游客
2024-10-25
27
管理
问题
By 1950. the results of attempts to relate brain processes to mental experience appeared rather discouraging. Such variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed, excitation threshold, and the like as had been demonstrated in nerve cells remained negligible in significance for any possible correlation with the manifold dimensions of mental experience.
Near the turn of the century, it had been suggested by Hering that different modes of sensation, such as pain, taste, and color, might be correlated with the discharge of specific kinds of nervous energy. However, subsequently developed methods of recording and analyzing nerve potentials failed to reveal any such qualitative diversity. It was possible to demonstrate by other methods refined structural differences among neuron types: however, proof was lacking that the quality of the impulse or its conduction was influenced by these differences, which seemed instead to influence the developmental patterning of the neural circuits. Although qualitative variance among nerve energies was never rigidly disproved, the doctrine was generally abandoned in favor of the opposing view, namely, that nerve impulses were essentially homogeneous in quality and were transmitted as "common currency" throughout the nervous system. According to his theory, it is not the quality of the sensory nerve impulses that determines the diverse conscious sensations they produce, but rather the different areas of the brain into which they discharge, and there is some evidence for this view. In one experiment, when an electric stimulus was applied to a given sensory field of the cerebral cortex of a conscious human subject, it produced a sensation of the appropriate modality for that particular locus, that is, a visual sensation from the visual cortex, an auditory sensation from the auditory cortex, and so on. Other experiments revealed slight variations in the size, number, arrangement, and interconnection of the nerve cells, but as far as psychoneural correlations were concerned, the obvious similarities of these sensory fields to each other seemed much more remarkable than any of the minute differences.
However, cortical locus, in itself, turned out to have little explanatory value. Studies showed that sensations as diverse as those of red, black, green, and white, or touch, cold, warmth, movement, pain, cortical areas. What seemed to remain was some kind of differential patterning effects in the brain excitation: it is the difference in the central distribution of impulses that counts. In short, brain theory suggested a correlation between mental experience and the activity of relatively homogeneous nerve cell units conducting essentially homogeneous impulses through homogeneous cerebral tissue. To match the multiple dimensions of mental experience psychologists could only point to a limitless variation in the spatiotemporal patterning of nerve impulses. [br] The author’s purpose of writing this article is to present the historical view of ______.
选项
A、the developmental patterning of the neural circuits
B、the sensory field of the cerebral cortex
C、variations in size, shape, chemistry, conduction speed of nerve pulses
D、physiological correlates of mental experience
答案
D
解析
主旨判断题。作者开篇就说:到1950年,试图将大脑运动过程与精神经验联系到一起的研究结果相当令人泄气,接着又讲随着时间的推移这一研究的情况,所以本文是从历史的角度讲精神经验的生理关联。因此,D项与原文相符,为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3816566.html
相关试题推荐
Atfirst,little______thatweweresittingontopofafundamentaldiscoveryin
It’suncertain______theexperimentisworthdoing.A、ifB、thatC、whetherD、howC
Inthispartofthecountry,theevergreensrarelyexperienceany______togrow
______yourage,inexperienceandlackofprestigiousbackground,you’vedonepr
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochem
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochem
Researchershaveestablishedthatwhenpeoplearementallyengaged,biochem
Thegovernmentaldepartmentsconcernedareawarethattherearedownfalls______
Theboymaybe______experience,butIthinkheisquicktolearnthings.A、inl
By1950.theresultsofattemptstorelatebrainprocessestomentalexperi
随机试题
SevereandincreasingnumerouscriticsarepointingtodeficienciesintheBriti
[audioFiles]2021m5x/audio_ve01005j_ezflisteningxa_0080_202105[/audioFiles]
当代马克思主义新闻观的核心是()A.坚持党性原则 B.坚持正确舆论导向 C.
对室性心动过速描述错误的是A.QRS波增宽 B.可出现融合波 C.左后分支室
作为教师道德主体一分子的教师个人,他的主体地位和主体性并不是由教师个人来确定的,
血栓闭塞性脉管炎营养障碍期最主要的临床表现是A.肢端发黑、干性坏疽 B.间歇性
天柱穴所属的经脉是( )。A.足少阳胆经 B.手少阳三焦经 C.手太阳小肠
一住店客人未付房钱即想离开旅馆去车站。旅馆服务员揪住他不让走,并打报警电话。客人
下列有关注册会计师在对进一步审计程序设计时采取的总体审计方案的说法中,正确的是(
诊断甲亢的首选实验室检查( )。A.FT3?、FT4 B.TT3?、TT4
最新回复
(
0
)