2. 职称英语
  3. There are two major problems with memory—storage and retrieval.【C1】______ th

There are two major problems with memory—storage and retrieval.【C1】______ th

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问题     There are two major problems with memory—storage and retrieval.【C1】______ that material is stored, how do you go back to it when you need it? The problem is a【C2】______ one when trying to recall earlier experiences. Generally, some verbal formulation will help you search your memory,【C3】______ this convenient device seems to be of no great【C4】______ in the search for one’s memories of very early childhood.
    Freud believed that memories of early childhood are actually present in the adult unconscious but are【C5】______to conscious recall because they are【C6】______with repressed matters of infantile sexuality. Could it just be " repression" that hides early memory from us, or might there be other reasons? The issue has been discussed with great【C7】______by the psychologist Ernest Schachtel.
    Schachtel raises important【C8】______to Freud. He points out that the Freudian explanation of repression of memories 【C9】______to explain why all memories of early childhood are so inaccessible to adult recall.【C10】______, one generally cannot bring such memories to【C11】______ even through psychoanalysis. He goes to 【C12】______ that early autobiographical memory can be impossible for cognitive reasons. Schachtel says, "The categories for adult memory are not【C13】______ container for early childhood experience and therefore not fit to【C14】______these experiences and enable their recall. "
    What he means is that the child’s way of【C15】______ the world is so different from that of the adult that the two worlds are almost mutually【C16】______. Schachtel points out that when you ask an adult to【C17】______ his life experiences to you, he follows certain standard " sign posts" of his culture,【C18】______ such facts as education, marriage, and so on. These memories are schematic and do not have the【C19】______or force of living experience. Living and telling are two different modes, and only the skilled writer can【C20】______ life into retrospective account. [br] 【C4】
选项 A、alien
B、ash
C、aid
D、axis
答案 C
解析 名词辨析题。[A]alien既可以作形容词也可以作名词，表示“外国(的)，外星(的)”；[B]ash“灰烬”；[C]aid“帮助”；[D]axis“轴，轴线”。结构“of+名词”相当于形容词，这里aid符合文意，of no great aid指“没有多大帮助”。
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