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  3. Once upon a time, you believed in the tooth fairy. You counted on the stabil

Once upon a time, you believed in the tooth fairy. You counted on the stabil

游客2024-10-20  41
问题     Once upon a time, you believed in the tooth fairy. You counted on the stability of housing prices and depended on bankers to be, well, dependable. And you figured that taking vitamins was good for you. Oh, it’s painful when another myth gets shattered. Recent research suggests that a daily multi is a waste of money for most people — and there’s growing evidence that some other old standbys may even hurt your health. Here’s what you need to know.
    Myth: A multivitamin can make up for a bad diet
    Last year, researchers published new findings from the Women’s Health Initiative, a long-term study of more than 160,000 midlife women. The data showed that multivitamin-takers are no healthier than those who don’t pop the pills, at least when it comes to the big diseases — cancer, heart disease, stroke. "Even women with poor diets weren’t helped by taking a multivitamin," says study author Marian Neuhouser, PhD, in the cancer prevention program at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, in Seattle.
    Vitamin supplements came into vogue in the early 1900s, when it was difficult or impossible for most people to get a wide variety of fresh fruits and vegetables year-round. Back then, vitamin-deficiency diseases weren’t unheard-of: the bowed legs and deformed ribs of rickets (caused by a severe shortage of vitamin D) or the skin problems and mental confusion of pellagra (caused by a lack of the B vitamin niacin). But these days, you’re extremely unlikely to be seriously deficient if you eat an average American diet.
    Myth: Vitamin C is a cold fighter
    In the 1970s, Nobel laureate Linus Pauling popularized the idea that vitamin C could prevent colds. Today, drugstores are full of vitamin C-based remedies. Studies say: Buyer, beware. In 2007, researchers analyzed a raft of studies going back several decades and involving more than 11,000 subjects to arrive at a disappointing conclusion: Vitamin C didn’t ward off colds.
    Of course, prevention isn’t the only game in town. Can the vitamin cut the length of colds? Yes and no. Taking the vitamin daily does seem to reduce the time you’ll spend sniffling — but not enough to notice. Adults typically have cold symptoms for 12 days a year; a daily pill could cut that to 11 days. Kids might go from 28 days of runny noses to 24 per year. The researchers conclude that minor reductions like these don’t justify the expense and bother of year-round pill-popping.
    Myth: Hey, it can’t hurt
    The old thinking went something like this — sure, vitamin pills might not help you, but they can’t hurt either. The shift started with a big study of beta-carotene pills. It was meant to test whether the antioxidant could prevent lung cancer, but researchers instead detected surprising increases in lung cancer and deaths among male smokers who took the supplement. No one knew what to make of the result at first, but further studies have shown it wasn’t a fluke — there’s a real possibility that in some circumstances, antioxidant pills could actually promote cancer.
    Vitamins are safe when you get them in food, but in pill form, they can act more like a drug, with the potential for unexpected and sometimes dangerous effects. [br] It can be inferred from the passage that______.
选项 A、many people understand that taking multivitamins have little effects on their health
B、vitamin C is considered an effective cure of colds by many people
C、it is widely understood that vitamin pills can be harmful
D、vitamin can be a substitute for a poor diet
答案 B
解析 推断题。从逻辑上可以看出，选项A和C如果正确，那么就没必要称这些常见的想法为“myth”，也就不需要写这篇文章来揭示这些认识了。选项D与最后一段的“Vitamins are safe when you get them in food，but in pill form，they can act more like a drug，with the potential for unexpected and sometimes dangerous effects．”不符。维生素不可以代替不好的饮食作为健康的护卫者。
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