2. 职称英语
  3. The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two

The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two

游客2024-10-15  56
问题     The relationship between the home and market economies has gone through two distinct stages. Early industrialization began the process of transferring some production processes (e.g. clothmaking, sewing and canning foods) from the home to the marketplace. Although the home economy could still produce these goods, the processes were laborious and the market economy was usually more efficient. Soon, the more important second stage was evident — the marketplace began producing goods and services that had never been produced by the home economy, and the home economy was unable to produce them (e.g. electricity and electrical appliances, the automobile, advanced education, sophisticated medical, care). In the second stage, the question of whether the home economy was less efficient in producing these new goods and services was irrelevant; if the family were to enjoy these fruits of industrialization, they would have to be obtained in the marketplace. The traditional ways of taking care of these needs in the home, such as in nursing the sick, became socially unacceptable (and, in most serious cases, probably less successful). Just as the appearance of the automobile made the use of the horse-drawn carriage illegal and then impractical, and the appearance of television changed the radio from a source of entertainment to a source of background music, so most of the fruits of economic growth did not increase the options available to the home economy to either produce the goods or services or purchase them in the market. Growth brought with it increased variety in consumer goods, but not increased flexibility for the home economy in obtaining these goods and services, Instead, economic growth brought with it increased consumer reliance on the marketplace. In order to consume these new goods and services, the family had to enter the marketplace as wage earners and consumers. The neoclassical model that views the family as deciding whether to produce goods and services directly or to purchase them in the marketplace is basically a model of the first stage. It cannot accurately be applied to the second (and current) stage. [br] The neoclassical model is basically a model of the first stage, because at this stage______.
选项 A、the family could rely either on the home economy or on the marketplace for the needed goods and services
B、many production processes were being transferred to the marketplace
C、consumers relied more and more on the market economy
D、the family could decide how to transfer production processes to the marketplace
答案 A
解析 细节题。文章最后两句话“The neoclassical model．．．to the second(and current)stage．”说明“新古曲模型是第一阶段的基本模型，它认为家庭可以决定自己直接生产商品和服务或从市场上购买它们。这个模型不适用于经济的第二(现行)阶段。”所以A“家庭既可以从家庭经济中又可以从市场上获得所需的商品和服务”是正确答案。B“许多产品的生产都转为市场进行”、C“消费者越来越依赖市场”和D“家庭可以决定怎样将生产转为市场进行”与文章内容不符。
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