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  3. In 1967, in response to widespread public concern aroused by medical reports

In 1967, in response to widespread public concern aroused by medical reports

游客2024-10-14  29
问题    In 1967, in response to widespread public concern aroused by medical reports of asbestos related deaths, the National Medical Research Council organized a committee of enquiry to investigate the health threats associated with the use of asbestos in the building industry.
     After examining evidences provided by medical researchers and building workers and management, the Council published a report, which included advices for dealing with asbestos. The report confirmed the findings of similar re- search in the United States and Canada. Exposure to relatively small quantities of asbestos fibers, they concluded, was directly responsible for the development of cancers, asbestosis and related diseases. Taking into account evidence pro- vided by economists and building industry management, however, the report assumed that despite the availability of other materials, asbestos would continue to play a major role in the British building industry for many years to come because of its availability and low cost.
     As a result, the council gave a series of recommendations, which were intended to reduce the risks to those who might be exposed to asbestos in working environments. They recommended that, where possible, asbestos free materials should be employed. In cases where asbestos was employed, it was recommended that it should be used in such a way that loose fibers were less likely to enter the air. The report recommended that special care should be taken during work in environments which contain asbestos. Workers should wear protective equipment and take special care to remove dust from the environment and clothing with the use of vacuum cleaner.
     The report identified five factors which determine the level of risk involved. The state and type of asbestos is critical to determining the risk factors. In addition, dust formation was found to be limited where the asbestos was used when wet rather than dry.
     The choice of tools was also found to affect the quantities of asbestos particles that enter the air. Machine tools produce greater quantifies of dust than hand tools and, where possible, the use of the latter was recommended.
     A critical factor takes place in risk reduction is the adequate ventilation of the working environment. When work takes place in an enclosed space, more asbestos particles circulate and it was therefore recommended that natural or machine ventilation should be used. By closely following these advices, it was claimed that exposure can be reduced to a reasonably practical minimum. [br] It can be inferred from the passage that the real danger comes from______.
选项 A、the asbestos dust that people take in
B、the contact of the worker’ s skin with asbestos particles
C、the inferior quality of the asbestos itself
D、the excessive use of man-made asbestos material
答案 A
解析 石棉沉着病(asbestosis)是指石棉被吸进肺中沉积在内而形成肺病，因此，又被称作”石棉肺”。在使用石棉的过程中，石棉碎绒(loose fibres) 进入空气中，形成石棉绒尘(dust)，并被工人吸入肺中造成肺癌等疾病。研究会所提出的几个建议也首先是针对如何降低工作环境中石棉绒尘的含量，从而降低石棉的使用给建筑工人造成的危害。
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