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  3. Alexis de Tocqueville, the French political scientist, historian, philosoph

Alexis de Tocqueville, the French political scientist, historian, philosoph

游客2024-10-08  1
问题      Alexis de Tocqueville, the French political scientist, historian, philosopher and politician, is most famous for a four-volume book he wrote called Democracy in America. He came to America in 1831 to study the American form of democracy and what it might mean to the rest of the world. After a visit of only nine months, he wrote a remarkable book which is regarded as a classic. Tocqueville had unusual powers of observation. He described not only the democratic system of government and how it operated, but also its effect on how Americans think, feel, and act. Many scholars believe he had a deeper understanding of traditional American beliefs and values than anyone else who has written about the United States. What is so remarkable is that many of these traits which he observed nearly 200 years ago are still visible and meaningful today. His observations are also important because the timing of his visit, the 1830s, was before America was industrialized. This was the era of the small farer, the small businessman, and the settling of the western frontier. It was the period of history when the traditional values of the new country were newly established. In just a generation, some 40 years since the adoption of the U.S. Constitution, the new form of government had already produced a society of people with unique values. He was, however, a neutral observer and saw both the good and bad sides of these qualities.
     The first part of Democracy in America was written in 1831-1832 and published in 1835. A highly positive and optimistic account of American government and society, the book was very well received. He attempted to get a glimpse of the essence of American society, all the while promoting his own philosophy: the equaling of the classes and the inevitable death of aristocratic privilege. The rest of the book he labored on for four years, and in 1840 the second part was published. This was substantially more pessimistic than the first, warning of the dangers despotism and governmental centralization, and applying his ideas and criticisms more directly to France. As a result, it was not received as well as the first part, except in England where it was acclaimed highly. [br] Which of the following Can be inferred from the passage?
选项 A、The English don’t like the French.
B、The book was not merely a record of American democracy.
C、Tocqueville was a slow writer.
D、Tocqueville was primarily motivated by an interest in his own country.
答案 B
解析 推断题。根据最后一段提到的“He attempted to get a glimpse of the essence of American society, all the while promoting his own philosophy…”可见他并不是单纯地记录美国民主而是同时推广自己的民主观念，故选B ；文章最后一句说“结果，第二部没有像第一部那样受欢迎，但在英国却受到了高度的赞誉”，可见[A)与原文不符；《论美国民主》的第二部虽然用了四年时间，但不能推断出Tocqueville was a slow writer；文章中提到Tocqueville在第二部中"…warning of the dangers despotism and governmental centralization, and applying his ideas and criticisms more directly to France…"但也无法得知Tocqueville的动力是对自己国家的兴趣，因此C 和D 都属于错误推断。
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