首页
登录
职称英语
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five day
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five day
游客
2024-09-23
1
管理
问题
" How do you get out of an Icelandic forest? You stand up. " During five days spent in Iceland this fall, I heard locals tell this joke several times. The remark once made sense: Iceland was until recently a tree-deprived land, hosting instead an abundance of beautiful wide-open expanses, covered in volcanic rocks, glaciers and some grasses and shrubs. And while it still remains largely that way, trees and woodlands have been steadily returning the past several decades, and an Icelandic forestry industry is beginning to take root. That’s due in large part to a warming climate, which is helping many new types of trees grow here. Over the past 20 years, average temperatures have increased by almost 2 degrees Fahrenheit. As a result, trees are growing faster and new varieties are now found here that couldn’t survive before.
Adalsteinn Sigurgeirsson, head of research for the Icelandic forest service, has heard the joke thousands of times. The forest research center where he works is on the slopes of Mount Esja, a short drive outside of Reykjavik. On the way, we pass stands of black cotton wood on roadsides, coppices(矮林)of birch and conifers(针叶树)dotting hillsides. "When I was a kid we had much fewer trees—it was common knowledge that trees couldn’t grow in Reykjavik, and couldn’t grow in Iceland," he says. "And now look!"
Once at the center, we venture into the nearby woods, where trees tower several stories above us. Sigurgeirsson explains that woodlands have many benefits in Iceland: they provide for more biodiversity, create opportunities for recreational activities and reduce soil erosion. Newly planted forests have attracted colonies of goldcrests(Europe’s smallest bird), woodcocks and long-eared owls to the area. These are all ecologically important species that add to the island’s animal diversity, without being invasive and displacing native animals. Woodlands also provide places for Icelanders and tourists to enjoy nature: one recently planted woods called Heidmork near the city now hosts 600,000 visitors per year.
Trees also help prevent soil erosion, which has ravaged Iceland for decades. One study suggested that if Iceland’s rivers were forested, it would limit erosion and improve water quality enough that local populations of salmon would increase five-fold.
Long ago, before Vikings settled this North Atlantic isle in the ninth century, birch forests covered as much as 40 percent of the land. Unfortunately, the Vikings logged or burned most of the trees down within a few centuries. Then, as is common with volcanic soils with little vegetation, much of the land became eroded and barren, says SveinnRun61fsson, director of the country’s Soil Conservation Service. That helps explain why nearly a third of the countryis now considered a "moist desert"—there is enough rain to support plants and trees, but the sandy black soil cannot provide adequate support for roots, and some needed nutrients were leached away long ago.
By the early 20th century, there were virtually no woodlands left in Iceland. But now, trees are coming back. Woodlands now cover 1. 5 percent of the country, and 3.2 million trees were planted last year. Most of these trees were planted by farmers or landowners on private land. They’ve been largely funded by the government, which is spending to create forestry jobs, and to reap the rewards of benefits like erosion reduction, Sigurgeirsson says. This rash of planting began in 1990, and since then, more than 107 million tree seedlings have been put in the ground. [br] What was the main reason for the disappearance of forests in Iceland?
选项
A、The Vikings’ destroying.
B、The eruption of volcanoes.
C、Not enough rainfall.
D、The Increase of farmland.
答案
A
解析
细节题。由题干中的the disappearance of forests定位至第五段第二句。该句明确指出,由于维京人的砍伐和焚烧,冰岛的森林消失殆尽,故[A]为答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3770866.html
相关试题推荐
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
Rainforestsarecalledthelungsoftheplanet,becausetheyabsorbcarbond
随机试题
Readashortpassageandlistentoatalkonthesametopic.ReadingTime
[originaltext]W:(19)Whythelongface?I’veneverseenyousodown.Ithought
错误的社会意识之所以错误,主要是由于()A.它纯粹是主观臆想,其内容与客观实际
毛细支气管炎发病年龄最多见于A.新生儿 B.2个月以内的婴儿 C.2~6个月
急性心肌梗死的发病机制中正确的是A.不会伴发严重心律失常 B.无心绞痛者不会发
各类细胞对缺氧敏感性由高至低依次为A、神经元、星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞、内皮细
有关慢性肺源性心脏病的心电图诊断,下列哪项不正确? A.应有右心肥大的心电图改
患者,女,28岁,因上呼吸道感染先后给予克林霉素磷酸酯0.9g、注射用炎琥宁0.
患者,男,26岁,十二指肠残端瘘20天。目前进食少,全身乏力,直立时晕倒。血清[
关于风阀安装的要求,正确的是()。A.风阀斜插板安装应逆气流方向插入 B.风阀
最新回复
(
0
)