首页
登录
职称英语
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the class
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the class
游客
2024-09-08
5
管理
问题
(1)The majority of successful senior managers do not closely follow the classical rational model of first clarifying goals, assessing the problem, formulating options, estimating likelihoods of success, making a decision, and only then taking action to implement the decision. Rather, in their day-by-day tactical maneuvers, these senior executives rely on what is vaguely termed "intuition" to manage a network of interrelated problems that require them to deal with ambiguity, inconsistency, novelty, and surprise: and to integrate action into the process of thinking.
(2)Generations of writers on management have recognized that some practicing managers rely heavily on intuition. In general, however, such writers display a poor grasp of what intuition is. Some see it as the opposite of rationality: others view it as an excuse for capriciousness.
(3)Isenberg’s recent research on the cognitive processes of senior managers reveals that managers’ intuition is neither of these. Rather, senior managers use intuition in at least five distinct ways. First, they intuitively sense when a problem exists. Second, managers rely on intuition to perform well-learned behavior patterns rapidly. This intuition is not arbitrary or irrational, but is based on years of painstaking practice and hands-on experience that build skills. A third function of intuition is to synthesize isolated bits of data and practice into an integrated picture, often in an "Aha! " experience. Fourth, some managers use intuition as a check on the results of more rational analysis. Most senior executives are familiar with the formal decision analysis models and tools, and those who use such systematic methods for reaching decisions are occasionally leery of solutions suggested by these methods which run counter to their sense of the correct course of action. Finally, managers can use intuition to bypass in-depth analysis and move rapidly to engender a plausible solution. Used in this way, intuition is an almost instantaneous cognitive process in which a manager recognizes patterns.
(4)One of the implications of the intuitive style of executive management is that "thinking" is inseparable from acting. Since managers often "know" what is right before they can analyze and explain it, they frequently act first and explain later. Analysis is inextricably tied to action in thinking/acting cycles, in which managers develop thoughts about their companies and organizations not by analyzing a problematic situation and then acting, but by acting and analyzing in close concert. [br] How the writers on management understand intuition can be best described as ______.
选项
A、contradictory
B、irrational
C、insightful
D、vague
答案
D
解析
推断题。原文中的poor grasp表明作者认为管理学著作的作者对“直觉”认识不明确,由此可见,选项D为正确答案。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3749039.html
相关试题推荐
questions讲座中提到“Thenpayattentiontothequestionsthatfollow,andfocusonthe
speedreading讲座中提到“Thefollowingaresomeguidelinesfromthe‘JustDoIt’school
A、Gotocollege.B、Getgoodgrades.C、Pursueacareer.D、Followherinterests.D
Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisusedasanadverbial?A、Howmanytimes
WhichofthefollowingunderlinedphrasesindicatesCOMPARISON?A、Thecarhadas
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesSUGGESTION?A、Don’tfollowmeallthe
Whichofthefollowingunderlinedpartsisasubjectclause(主语从句)?A、Thequestio
WhichofthefollowingsentencesindicatesPERMISSION?A、Lighteningcanbedanger
Whichofthefollowingsentenceshasasubjectcomplement?A、Iwasofferedasugg
Whichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtocompletethesentence"Shecookswel
随机试题
目前的快速以太网(1000BASE-T)使用交换机来组网,这样做的目的不是为了(
为了优化系统的性能,有时需要对系统进行调整。对于不同的系统,其调整参数也不尽相同
某公司总机构设在我国甲省某大城市,除在该大城市设立具有主体生产经营职能的二级分支
李先生是做体育器械生意的,自己的公司近两年的营业状况良好,目前从厂家进货需要首付
急性胎儿窘迫缺氧早期,胎心率于无宫缩时的范围是A.<120bmp B.<130
测验的效度是指测验的可靠性,即多次测验分数的稳定和一致程度。( )
张某,女,40岁,工人,2004年9月20日初诊。1个半月前因与家人争吵后出现咳
共用题干 甲房地产开发公司(以下简称甲公司)拟开发一住宅项目,并将该项目定位为
银行承兑汇票的承兑银行,应当按照票面金额向出票人收取()的手续费。A:千分之一
以下关于纤维增强塑料衬里施工要求,错误的是()。A.手工糊制的封底层和修补层自
最新回复
(
0
)