2. 职称英语
  3. (1)People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the

(1)People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the

游客2024-08-31  16
问题     (1)People in the United States in the nineteenth century were haunted by the prospect that unprecedented change in the nation’s economy would bring social chaos. In the years following 1820, after several decades of relative stability, the economy entered a period of sustained and extremely rapid growth that continued to the end of the nineteenth century. Accompanying that growth was a structural change that featured increasing economic diversification and a gradual shift in the nation’s labor force from agriculture to manufacturing and other nonagricultural pursuits.
    (2)Although the birth rate continued to decline from its high level of the eighteenth and. early nineteenth centuries, the population roughly doubled every generation during the rest of the nineteenth century. As the population grew, its makeup also changed. Massive waves of immigration brought new ethnic groups into the country. Geographic and social mobility—downward as well as upward—touched almost everyone. Local studies indicate that nearly three-quarters of the population—in the North and South, in the emerging cities in the Northeast and in the restless rural counties of the West—changed then-residence each decade. As a consequence, historian David Donald has written, "Social atomization affected every segment of society, and it seemed to many people that all the recognized values of orderly civilization were gradually being eroded."
    (3)Rapid industrialization and increased geographic mobility in the nineteenth century had special implications for women because these changes tended to magnify social distinctions. As the roles of men and women played in society became more rigidly defined, so did the roles they played in the home. In the context of extreme competitiveness and dizzying social change, the household lost many of its earlier functions and the home came to serve as a haven of tranquility and order. As the size of families decreased, the roles of husband and wife became more clearly differentiated than ever before. In the
middle class especially, men participated in the productive economy while women ruled the home and served as the custodians of civility and culture. The intimacy of marriage that was common in earlier periods was rent, and a gulf that at times seemed unbridgeable was created between husbands and wives. [br] All the following can be inferred from the passage EXCEPT that________.
选项 A、more and more people were leaving the farm to take up nonagricultural jobs
B、there was a significant change of meaning in the word "family"
C、people no longer wanted to get married
D、the rapid economic growth lasted for more than half a century
答案 C
解析 推断题。原文只讲了家庭所发生的变化，而没有提及人们对婚姻本身的观点和态度，故不能从文章推断出选项C的内容。所以选项C符合题意。根据第1段最后一句可以判定选项A是正确的。末段第2、3、4句表明家庭这个概念所发生的巨大变化，故选项B是正确的。选项D的主题词rapid economic growth表明信息在第1段，根据该段第2句可推断选项D是正确的。此题解题时应注意题目关键词EXCEPT。
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