首页
登录
职称英语
By the mid-19th century most of Europe was in the first stage of the demogra
By the mid-19th century most of Europe was in the first stage of the demogra
游客
2024-08-19
12
管理
问题
By the mid-19th century most of Europe was in the first stage of the
demographic transition.
Death rate had decreased, as wars, famines(饥荒)and diseases had; local food shortages were rarer, thanks to better economic organization and transport; public health, medical care and the control of infectious diseases had improved. The population increased rapidly, as Maithus had predicted. Between 1800 and 1900 Europe’s population doubled, to over 400 million, whereas that of Asia, further behind in the demographic transition, increased by less than 50% , to about 950 million.
But something else was happening there that would have taken Maithus by surprise: as people came to expect to live longer, and better, they started to have fewer children. They realized they no longer needed several babies just to ensure that two or three would survive. And as they moved from country to town, they also found that children were no longer an economic property that could be set to work at an early age, but a responsibility to be fed, housed and (some of them) educated, for years. Worse, with too many children, a mother would find it hard to take and keep a job, to add to the family income. Nor were the young any longer a guarantee against a poor old age: in the new industrial society, they were likelier to go their own way.
Thanks to Europe’s newborn limitation, in the past 100 years or so its population has risen only 80%, to 730 million, and most countries’ birth rate is now so low that numbers are unchanging or falling. But their composition is very different from the past: better living standards, health condition and medical treatment are multiplying old heads, even as the number of young ones shrinks.
In contrast, Asia’s population over the same time has nearly increased four times, to more than 3.6 billion. North America’ s too has grown almost as fast, but largely thanks to immigration. Africa’ s has multiplied 5 times, and Latin America’ s nearly sevenfold.
Why these differences? From around 1950, death rate in developing countries also began to fall, and much faster than it ever had in Europe. The knowledge about how to avoid premature death of small children travelled so readily that life expectancy in many poor countries is now not far behind the rich world’ s. But the attitudes and values that persuade people to have fewer children are taking longer to adjust. [br] What prediction did Malthus make?
选项
答案
That the population would increase rapidly.
解析
从文章第一段可知,Malthus预测欧洲的人口会增长得很快。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3726651.html
相关试题推荐
Bythemid-19thcenturymostofEuropewasinthefirststageofthedemogra
Bythemid-19thcenturymostofEuropewasinthefirststageofthedemogra
Bythemid-19thcenturymostofEuropewasinthefirststageofthedemogra
[originaltext]W:There’sanexhibitionofthe16thcenturyEuropeanpaintingsi
FireswerecommoninLondoninthe17thcentury.Mostbuildingsweremadefromw
FireswerecommoninLondoninthe17thcentury.Mostbuildingsweremadefromw
FireswerecommoninLondoninthe17thcentury.Mostbuildingsweremadefromw
FireswerecommoninLondoninthe17thcentury.Mostbuildingsweremadefromw
FireswerecommoninLondoninthe17thcentury.Mostbuildingsweremadefromw
TheVoynichManuscript,writteninthe15thcenturyinWesternEurope,isbe
随机试题
Despitewhatyoumightthinkfromitsname,theMuseumofAfghanCivilizatio
Asisknowntoall,theorganizationandmanagementofwagesandsalariesare
横向流动功能
RIP协议通过路由器之间的()计算通信代价。A.链路数据速率 B.物理距离
患者女性,34岁,孕32周,既往有两次流产史,现无痛性阴道流血1天。超声检查可见
脾的经脉名称是A.手厥阴经B.足少阴经C.足厥阴经D.足太阴经E.足阳明经
A.必须减量应用 B.尽可能避免使用 C.一般无须调整剂量 D.须谨慎使用
在我国,单位内部会计监督的对象是()。A.本单位的单位负责人 B.本单
某煤矿企业安排电气焊作业人员切断“密闭”钢带。由于“密闭”内瓦斯局部达到爆炸浓度
某施工单位在位某市电信公司施工时发生了一起中断电路的重大质量事故,可对该施工单位
最新回复
(
0
)