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  3. Outside of their respective sizes, gorillas and chimpanzees are very similar

Outside of their respective sizes, gorillas and chimpanzees are very similar

游客2024-08-19  15
问题     Outside of their respective sizes, gorillas and chimpanzees are very similar physically, but what about socially? In fact, there are some notable differences in their social structure.

    First, about similarities. Gorillas and chimpanzee share almost the exact same DNA as humans. Gorillas and humans share about ninety-seven to ninety-eight percent of the same DNA, while chimpanzees and humans have around ninety-eight to ninety-nine percent in common. Evolutionally, this not only makes gorillas and chimps closely related to humans, but to each other as well. So obviously, they share lots of similar characteristics. For example, both gorillas and chimps walk on their knuckles and tend to form groups.

    Each of these groups consists of a dominant male that acts as the group leader. But there are some differences in group structure that work to differentiate them. Gorillas are much more solitary than chimps. They do form groups, but these gorilla groups are much smaller than chimp groups. A gorilla group usually consists of about a dozen individuals: a male gorilla, several adult females, and their young. Sometimes the group may include a few younger males, but they rarely mate with any of the females. The females belong to the dominant male. Chimps, on the other hand, live in large groups of 50 or more individuals, sort of like a mini-society. Unlike gorillas, many chimps in the group may be male. This large group consists of several smaller subgroups—another characteristic that is not seen with gorillas. These subgroups often consist of a mother and siblings. Much of the younger chimps, behaviour is learned from the different individuals in their subgroups and, like humans’ chimps appear to have a special bond with their mothers and siblings.
    As in the case of many social animals, the dominant males in both gorilla and chimpanzee groups are usually the biggest in size and brute strength. This isn’ t to say that the dominant male will stay in power forever. Both gorillas and chimpanzees can be, and often are, overthrown by others. Dominant male gorillas can be overthrown by a stronger, tougher gorilla, who will then take over the group. The displaced gorilla will usually spend the rest of his life alone by himself. Chimpanzees display similar dominance patterns, although displaced males aren’ t always sent into isolation. There is one exception to this system of dominance. Whereas gorillas rely on brute strength to gain the dominance of a group, it appears that chimpanzees may rely on intelligence to move up their group hierarchy.
    Complete the summary below with information from the passage, using no more than three words for each blank.
    The passage discusses the【A1】________ between gorillas and chimpanzees. These animals share similar【A2】________ to humans and live in male-dominated societies. However, gorilla groups are smaller, consist of only one male per group, and rely on【A3】________   to determine the leader. Chimp groups are larger, consist of【A4】________, which is characteristic to gorillas,  and have been known to rely on【A5】________to determine the leader. [br] 【A2】
选项
答案 DNA
解析 文章第二段第二句提到，大猩猩和黑猩猩都与人类有着相似度极高的DNA，故填入DNA。
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