首页
登录
职称英语
Cultural Attitudes towards Time According to anthrop
Cultural Attitudes towards Time According to anthrop
游客
2024-08-10
24
管理
问题
Cultural Attitudes towards Time
According to anthropologist Irving Hallowell, there is no evidence that humans have an inborn sense of time. A person’s temporal concepts are probably determined largely by culture. One study showed that infants, after a few days of listening to speech around them, will move their heads and limbs in rhythm with the speech they hear. As children develop, they adapt more fully to their temporal culture. This temporal culture influences language, music, poetry and dance. It also affects relationships. We tend to get along well with people who share our sense of time.
One particular cultural attitude towards time is found in polychronic cultures. Some Mediterranean and southwest Asian Cultures are usually placed in this category. Such cultures emphasise relationships among people, flexible timing of appointments, and the careful completion of processes rather than strict schedules. Polychronic people seldom feel that time is being wasted. They tend to consider each activity valuable on its own, not just as part of a larger process.
Polychronic people tend to have many projects going on at the same time, and they may shift frequently from one task to another. They change plans often. For polychronic people, work time is not clearly separable from personal time, so business meetings are considered a form of socialising.
Monochronic cultures, on the other hand, are oriented towards tasks and schedules. Cultures usually considered monochromic can be found in northern Europe, North America, and some parts of eastern Asia. Monochronic people feel that time is tangible and inflexible and that " time is money. " They do one thing at a time and concentrate on each thing. Time and job commitments are very important to them and they tend to follow plans rigidly. Also, monochromic people clearly separate their work and personal time, and they place a high value on privacy.
As you might expect, people from polychronic and monochromic cultures often misunderstand each other because of their different senses of time. For example, because a monochromic culture is highly compartmentalized, monochromic people tend to sequence conversations as well as tasks. They would not, for instance, interrupt a phone call in order to greet another person who just came into the room In contrast, polychronic people are comfortable with having multiple conversations at the same time. They would consider it rude not to greet someone who entered during a phone conversation.
Complete the summary below by choosing for each blank no more than three words from the passage.
Cultures may have either a【71】______or a monochromic conception of time. Cultures with a polychromic view of time follow a【72】______timetable. People from polychronic cultures tend to work on several【73】______at the same time. On the other hand, people in【74】______perceive events and tasks as being more compartmentalized. In this culture, jobs and even conversations should follow a certain【75】______. Everything in these cultures seems inflexible, and has its own place and time. [br]
选项
答案
monochromic
解析
(参见倒数第二段第四行,They do one thing at a time and concentrate on each thing。compartmentalize划分,分类;这里指不同事件或工作应占用不同时间,不能互相影响。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3713610.html
相关试题推荐
WhatisMerkel’sattitudetowardsSchengen?[originaltext]GermanChancellorAnge
Howcoulduniversitiesdealwithfutureproblemsaccordingtoexperts?[original
WhatistheNumeracyWeekaccordingtotheconversation?[br][originaltext]W:G
Whatisthecompany’s2021planaccordingtothenews?[originaltext]AHongKong
Accordingtothetheoryofsemantictriangle.AWordisnotdirectlyrelatedto
Accordingtousageandconventionswhichareatlastbeingquestionedbutha
Accordingtousageandconventionswhichareatlastbeingquestionedbutha
Accordingtousageandconventionswhichareatlastbeingquestionedbutha
Accordingtoonespeaker,wecouldskip______ifweareshortoftime.[br][o
Accordingtoonespeaker,wecouldskip______ifweareshortoftime.[br][o
随机试题
Bakingbooksbyprofessionalfoodwriterstendtobemoremodest______.A、enchant
[originaltext][19]Aroundtheyear1000AD,somepeoplefromnorthwestIndiabe
—Wouldyoulikemetogotothedentist
A. B. C. D.
属于微量营养素的是()。A.碳水化合物 B.脂肪 C.蛋白质 D.
患者尿频量多,混浊如脂膏,腰膝酸软,口干唇燥,乏力,舌红少苔,脉细,其证候是(
生物老师把六种动物分成两组,一组是鲫鱼、麻雀、牛,另一组是蜗牛、虾、蝴蝶。这样分
反映企业经营成果的会计要素,也称为动态会计要素,构成利润表的基本框架。下列不属于
某分项工程合同价为6万元,采用价格指数进行价格调整。可调值部分占合同总价的70%
(2020年真题)项目施工成本的过程控制程序主要包括( )。A.管理控制程序和
最新回复
(
0
)