首页
登录
职称英语
Cultural Attitudes towards Time According to anthrop
Cultural Attitudes towards Time According to anthrop
游客
2024-08-10
52
管理
问题
Cultural Attitudes towards Time
According to anthropologist Irving Hallowell, there is no evidence that humans have an inborn sense of time. A person’s temporal concepts are probably determined largely by culture. One study showed that infants, after a few days of listening to speech around them, will move their heads and limbs in rhythm with the speech they hear. As children develop, they adapt more fully to their temporal culture. This temporal culture influences language, music, poetry and dance. It also affects relationships. We tend to get along well with people who share our sense of time.
One particular cultural attitude towards time is found in polychronic cultures. Some Mediterranean and southwest Asian Cultures are usually placed in this category. Such cultures emphasise relationships among people, flexible timing of appointments, and the careful completion of processes rather than strict schedules. Polychronic people seldom feel that time is being wasted. They tend to consider each activity valuable on its own, not just as part of a larger process.
Polychronic people tend to have many projects going on at the same time, and they may shift frequently from one task to another. They change plans often. For polychronic people, work time is not clearly separable from personal time, so business meetings are considered a form of socialising.
Monochronic cultures, on the other hand, are oriented towards tasks and schedules. Cultures usually considered monochromic can be found in northern Europe, North America, and some parts of eastern Asia. Monochronic people feel that time is tangible and inflexible and that " time is money. " They do one thing at a time and concentrate on each thing. Time and job commitments are very important to them and they tend to follow plans rigidly. Also, monochromic people clearly separate their work and personal time, and they place a high value on privacy.
As you might expect, people from polychronic and monochromic cultures often misunderstand each other because of their different senses of time. For example, because a monochromic culture is highly compartmentalized, monochromic people tend to sequence conversations as well as tasks. They would not, for instance, interrupt a phone call in order to greet another person who just came into the room In contrast, polychronic people are comfortable with having multiple conversations at the same time. They would consider it rude not to greet someone who entered during a phone conversation.
Complete the summary below by choosing for each blank no more than three words from the passage.
Cultures may have either a【71】______or a monochromic conception of time. Cultures with a polychromic view of time follow a【72】______timetable. People from polychronic cultures tend to work on several【73】______at the same time. On the other hand, people in【74】______perceive events and tasks as being more compartmentalized. In this culture, jobs and even conversations should follow a certain【75】______. Everything in these cultures seems inflexible, and has its own place and time. [br]
选项
答案
projects/tasks
解析
(参见第三段第一句。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3713609.html
相关试题推荐
WhatcanTcellsdoaccordingtothenews?[originaltext]Recentstudiesshowtha
WhatisMerkel’sattitudetowardsSchengen?[originaltext]GermanChancellorAnge
Howcoulduniversitiesdealwithfutureproblemsaccordingtoexperts?[original
WhatistheNumeracyWeekaccordingtotheconversation?[br][originaltext]W:G
WhatistheNumeracyWeekaccordingtotheconversation?[br][originaltext]W:G
Accordingtousageandconventionswhichareatlastbeingquestionedbutha
Accordingtousageandconventionswhichareatlastbeingquestionedbutha
虽然中国妇女在平等方面取得了巨大的进步,但还未完全实现平等就业机会。(makestridetowards)ItistruethatChinese
Accordingtoonespeaker,wecouldskip______ifweareshortoftime.[br][o
Accordingtoonespeaker,wecouldskip______ifweareshortoftime.[br][o
随机试题
一男性患者,左上腹痛2天,向左肩背部放射。伴恶心、呕吐胃内容物,呕吐后疼痛不缓解
2012年,某省规模以上工业增加值10875亿元,比上年增长7.1%,月度增速从
变压器排油注氮灭火装置调试工作主要分为(____)。(A)电源调试(B)单体
通常情况下,货币的时间价值被认为是在没有风险和没有通货膨胀条件下的社会平均资金利
可携带HIV通过血脑屏障,引起中枢神经系统感染的细胞是 A.滤泡树突状细胞B
单纯扩散、易化扩散和主动转运的共同点是 A.无饱和性B.要消耗能量C.需要
一般资料:女,24岁,大专文化,公司职员。 求助者主诉:最近突然感觉与人交流
A.-0.5V B.0.5V C.1V D.-1V
为尽量发现患者,在制订筛选方法标准的过程中,常采用A.提高方法的灵敏度 B.提
资金周转就是从货币资金开始,依次转化为储备资金、生产资金、产品资金、最后又回到货
最新回复
(
0
)