首页
登录
职称英语
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and univers
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and univers
游客
2024-08-08
47
管理
问题
The idea that science can, and should, be run according to fixed and universal rules, Is both unrealistic and pernicious. (76)
It is unrealistic, for it takes too simple a view of the talents of man and of the circumstances which encourage, or cause, their development.
And it is pernicious, for the attempt to enforce the rules is bound to increase our professional qualifications at the expense of our humanity. (77)
In addition, the idea is detrimental to science, for it neglects the complex physical and historical conditions which influence scientific change.
It makes our science less adaptable and more dogmatic: every methodological rule is associated with cosmological assumptions, so that using the rule we take it for granted that the assumptions are correct. Naive falsificationism takes it for granted that the laws of nature are manifest and not hidden beneath disturbances of considerable magnitude. (78)
Empiricism takes it for granted that sense experience is a better mirror of the world than pure thought. Praise of argument takes it for granted that the artifices of Reason give better results than the unchecked play of our emotions.
Such assumptions may be perfectly plausible and even true. Still, one should occasionally put them to a test. Putting them to a test means that we stop using the methodology associated with them, start doing science in a different way and see what happens. Case studies such as those reported in the preceding chapters show that such tests occur all the time, and that they speak against the universal validity of any rule. (79)
All methodologies have their limitations and the only "rule" that survives is "anything goes.
(80)
The change of perspective brought about by these discoveries leads once more to the long-forgotten problem of the excellence of science. It leads to it for the first time in modern history, for modern science overpowered its opponents, it did not convince them.
Science took over by force, not by argument (this is especially true of the former colonies where science and the religion of brotherly love were introduced as a matter of course, and without consulting, or arguing with, the inhabitants). Today we realize that rationalism, being bound to science, cannot give us any assistance in the issue between science and myth and we also know that myths are vastly better than rationalists have dared to admit. Thus we are now forced to raise the question of the excellence of science. [br]
选项
答案
此外,这一观点对科学本身也是有害的,因为它忽略了那些对科学变化有影响的复杂物理和历史条件。
解析
本句翻译不难,按照常规顺序译即可。be detrimental to对…有害。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3710543.html
相关试题推荐
Whichonebelowistrueaccordingtothenews?[br][originaltext]Inthissecti
Whichonebelowistrueaccordingtothenews?[br][originaltext]Inthissecti
Whichonebelowistrueaccordingtothenews?[originaltext]Inthissection,yo
Thesocialsciencesareflourishing.Asof2005,therewerealmosthalfamil
Thesocialsciencesareflourishing.Asof2005,therewerealmosthalfamil
77→49→36→18→?Workoutwhichnumbershouldthequestionmarkbe.8题干要求根据数字序列的规律,找
______hecomelate,givehimthemessage.A、HadB、ShouldC、WouldD、IfE、CouldB句
Inthissection,youareaskedtowriteanessayaccordingtothetopic:TheSign
_________hecomelate,givehimthemessage.A、HadB、ShouldC、WouldD、IfB句子的主句为祈
[originaltext]W:Davidisplayingacomputergame.M:Shouldhedothatwhenthe
随机试题
Alargepartofeffectiveleadershipisdependentonsomethingcalled"style
D此处需填入名词,为represents的宾语。从上文提及的英国人的酒吧生活和酒吧的营业时间,可知pleasure符合上下文语义,表示酒吧代表了有节制、有品味的
图示电路中,磁性材料上绕有两个导电线圈,若上方线圈加的是100V的直流电压,则:
()是描述在一定的置信度水平下,为了应对未来一定期限内资产的非预期损失而应该持
目前,我国的开放式基金的估值频率为()估值。?A:每个交易日 B:每三个交易
Hersisterurgedhertoapplyforthejo
下列药物与硝酸银反应,能产生黑色沉淀的是A.维生素AB.维生素BC.维生素CD.
质性研究法
一般资料:男性,17岁,未婚,中专学生。 求助者自述:我最近一个多月心情很烦,
单位内部会计监督的主体是()。A、企业职工 B、单位负责人 C、单位的会计机
最新回复
(
0
)