首页
登录
职称英语
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired i
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired i
游客
2024-08-07
12
管理
问题
Sitting in stationary traffic is, at best, a Zen experience. Drivers mired in a jam learn to cede control to the powers that be, becoming at one with the universe as they breathe in the mind-numbing fumes all around. At worst, it is an on-going battle for sanity. But now, according to several groups of researchers in America and Germany, there is something that drivers can do to take back control over the roads. Get adaptive cruise control. And, of course, use it.
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) , as its name suggests, is a modified version of traditional cruise control. It employs radar to monitor the road ahead of a vehicle, automatically adjusting that vehicle’ s speed to maintain a safe distance from the one in front. This is safer than manual driving because it reduces the system’ s reaction time from nearly a second (human) to practically instantaneous (machine) , thus helping to forestall shunts. But ACC may have a useful side-effect, arising from the fact that another effect of slow human reaction times is to produce traffic jams on apparently open roads.
Such jams start when a car slows suddenly to allow, for example, another vehicle to enter the traffic stream. Slow reaction times mean that instead of responding smoothly, the drivers behind such a vehicle often end up slamming on the brakes. That skimming propagates backwards, and before long (he traffic is at a standstill. So it makes sense that ACC would reduce not only collisions, but also congestion. What is unexpected is how few vehicles need to have it operating for all to benefit. As Craig Davis of the University of Michigan reports in Physical Review E, only 20% of cars need to employ ACC in order to present completely those jams that are caused by a slow lead car on a high-speed, single-lane road. According to Dr. Davis’ s computer model, even a rate of use of ACC as low as 13% can improve the flow of traffic significantly.
ACC is not a panacea. Dr. Davis got less promising results for more complex, road conditions, particularly those near junctions. And a .similar model built by Boris Kernel’, a researcher for Daimler Chrysler, in Stuttgart, Germany, indicates that in certain bottleneck conditions, ACC may even cause extra congestion. These disappointing results can, however, be ameliorated by shortening the "headway" in ACC-equipped vehicles, according to Martin. Treiber of the Dresden University of Technology’, also in Germany.
Headway is the gap, measured in seconds, that a driver puts between himself and the car ahead. Since ACC reacts more quickly than a human, people who have it fitted can afford to allow less headway.
Summary :
Stationary traffic can drive people mad. However, according to American and German researchers, adaptive cruise control (ACC) can help drivers take【71】. ACC adapts a car’s speed to keep a sale distance from the one ahead by using radar to monitor the road ahead. ACC is safer than manual driving because is significantly reduces the system’s【72】, and collisions and congestion in addition. According to Dr. Davis’ computer model, if【73】of cars use ACC, the flow of traffic can be improved significantly. However, ACC should not be seen as a panacea. In【74】conditions, it may even cause extra jams, according to a computer model. But this situation can be improved by reducing【75】in ACC-equipped vehicles. [br]
选项
答案
headway
解析
(第四段,These disappointing results can,however,be ameliorated by shortening the“head—way”in ACC-equipped vehicles,即这些令人失望的表现可以通过简短ACC车辆的“headway”得以改善。ameliorate改善,改进。)
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3710276.html
相关试题推荐
[originaltext]M:Ithinktherearesomepeoplesittinginourseats.W:Areyous
Mr.Johnsonleftfortheofficeearlierthanusual________trafficjam.A、atth
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Morethantenpercentofmotorwaydeathsarecausedbydriversfallingsleep
Plentyofdriverscomplainaboutrushhourtraffic,butsomehavemoretocompla
Plentyofdriverscomplainaboutrushhourtraffic,butsomehavemoretocompla
Sittinginstationarytrafficis,atbest,aZenexperience.Driversmiredi
Sittinginstationarytrafficis,atbest,aZenexperience.Driversmiredi
随机试题
Sportingactivitiesareessentiallymodifiedformsofsomeoldstylehunting
[originaltext]IstheresuchathingasatypicalAmericanfilm?Therearem
[originaltext]Whatisthemangoingtodoaftercheckingin?[/originaltext]A、To
患者男性,7岁,无明显症状,学校体检时发现心脏杂音。超声心动图示:左室增大,肺动
表12016~2021年我国工业大数据市场规模增长及预测 表2按
屈肘,当肘横纹内侧端与肱骨内上髁连经的中点处的腧穴是A.曲池 B.曲泽 C.
关于继发性自身免疫病的叙述,哪项是错误的A.它常与用药、外伤、感染等因素有关B.
下列方法不可以用来检验回归方程显著性的是()。 A.相关系数法。对于给定的显
2,2,8,32,92,( )。A.162 B.172 C.192 D.
为了解消费者需求的季节、月份、具体购买时间,以及需求时间内的品种和数量结构等进行
最新回复
(
0
)