2. 职称英语
  3. Hyperinflation (极度通货膨胀) is defined as an economic condition during which the

Hyperinflation (极度通货膨胀) is defined as an economic condition during which the

游客2024-07-02  12
问题     Hyperinflation (极度通货膨胀) is defined as an economic condition during which there is steep increase in price.
    In accordance with the laws of economics, three factors combine to create this condition. Firstly, demand must be much greater than the supply of available goods. Secondary, the country must continuously create and thereby build up an ever increasing supply of money. Thirdly, the governmental processes that are used to collect taxes must be destroyed.
    Let’s imagine a country where production is barely accomplishing its goal: to keep up with demand. When this happens, the government should decrease the salaries of the workers by raising taxes. But the government is powerless to collect the taxes, so it prints more money to make up for the goods it must purchase. This new money goes to the workers who produced the goods; as a result, the people are not forced to give up certain things for a while. They actually become richer. While this might appear to be a positive step, it is actually worse off. Every month the government is forced to print more and more money so as to increase the amount of goods it can purchase until it is destroyed. The only way to prevent total economic breakup in such a situation is for the government to increase taxes in a manner that is characterized by equality to every one involved. [br] Which of the following is NOT among the factors which combine to create hyperinflation?
选项 A、Demand is much greater than supply.
B、The country continuously supplies money.
C、The government is able to collect taxes by the existing processes.
D、The government is powerless in collecting taxes.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。本题询问下面哪一项不是造成极度通货膨胀的因素。根据文章第二段最后一句可知造成极度通货膨胀的一个因素是政府征税程序遭到破坏，由此可以推断出政府无法通过原有的程序征税，所以选项C (政府能够通过现行的程序征税)说法不符合文意，故此题正确答案为选项C。根据文章第一段第二句话可知选项A(需求远远大于供应)符合文意。根据文章第二段第二句话可知选项B(国家不断提供货币)符合文意，根据第二段最后一句话可知政府在征税方面无能为力，故选项D也符合文意。
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