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Admittedly, minor accidents and slip-ups continue to shake public confidence

游客2024-06-12  25
问题    Admittedly, minor accidents and slip-ups continue to shake public confidence in nuclear power. Given the unquantifiable risks that nuclear power carries, it is only right that the industry be subjected to the test of public opinion and due political process. However, this argues for exceptional alerts, regulatory scrutiny and accountability — and not for bans or shut-downs. Those nuclear operators with a good safety record deserve to have their licenses renewed, so that existing plants may run to the end of their useful lives.
   The Bush administration’s enthusiastic support goes a lot further than this, however. It also wants to see new plants. Proponents of new nuclear power stations make three arguments in their favor. They will enhance energy security by lessening dependence on fossil fuels; far from being environmentally harmful, they will be beneficial because they will reduce the output of greenhouse gases; and, most crucially, the economics of nuclear power has improved from the days when it was wholly dependent on bail-out (紧急财政支持) and subsidy.
   Yet these arguments do not stand up to investigation. The claim that governments should support nuclear power to reduce their vulnerability (致使弱点) to the OPEC oil cartel (联合企业) is doubly absurd. Little oil is used in power generation: What nuclear power displaces is mostly natural gas and coal, which are not only more plentiful than oil but also geographically better distributed. Security is enhanced not by seeking energy self-sufficiency but through diversification of supplies. Creating lots of fissile material that might be pinched by terrorists is an odd way to look for security anyway.
   What about the argument that climate change might be the great savior of nuclear power? Global warming is indeed a risk that should be taken more seriously than the Bush administration has so far done. Nuclear plants do not produce any carbon dioxide, which is the principal greenhouse gas. However, rushing in response to build dozens of new nuclear plants would be both needlessly expensive and environmentally unsound.
   It would make far more sense to adopt a carbon tax, which would put clean energy sources such as solar and wind on an equal footing with nuclear, whose waste poses an undeniable (if remote) environmental threat of its own for aeons to come. Governments should also dismantle (拆除) all subsidies on fossil fuels — especially for coal, the dirtiest of all. They should adopt reforms that send proper price signals to those who use power, and so reduce emissions: Global warming certainly provides one argument in favor of nuclear power, but it is not sufficient on its own to justify a nuclear renaissance.
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选项 A、People have little confidence in nuclear power for the potential disaster of nuclear accidents.
B、People think it important to exercise strict monitoring and effective management of the existing plants.
C、People believe the best way to avoid nuclear disaster is to shut down all the nuclear power stations.
D、People agree to prohibit the existing nuclear plants from running to the end of their useful lives.
答案 B
解析 段落主旨题。文章第一段着重描述了大众对核电技术的种种忧虑和看法。然而这一段理解的重点应该在转折连词however之后。群众所要求的并非禁止或关闭所有核电站，而强调“高度警惕…定期检查评估”，对于运行安全的核反应堆可以续发执照，以便于充分利用现有的核电资源，因此A、C、D三项都与本段内容不符，故选B。
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