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  3. In responding to social problems, we have similarly constructed hospitals, p

In responding to social problems, we have similarly constructed hospitals, p

游客2024-06-09  20
问题     In responding to social problems, we have similarly constructed hospitals, prisons, nursing homes, and "special" schools for the retarded and the emotionally disturbed. In the same way, we have built mental institutions, cancer wards, soup kitchens, and retirement communities — all in the name of efficiency and humanitarian motivation.
    Clearly, there are compelling administrative, medical, and economic reasons why many of our thorniest human problems — illness, poverty, and old age — are better handled by specialized formal organizations than by families. But there may be other, less rational, reasons as well.
    One clue is to look at the sites where our nation’s prisons and mental hospitals were first located. Many of them are now in middle lass suburban areas, an easy drive from the urban core. But at the time they were built, these same areas were quite different — they were almost invariably secluded rural settings, located many miles from large population centers and hidden from everyday’s view. Even cemeteries emerged were typically built some distance from major cities, allowing friends and relatives to pay a visit but only met soft on a limited basis.
    Remember the cliche, "out of sight, out of mind"? Let’s face it: There are many problems that mid class Americans would prefer to shuttle aside and put out of easy reach. Too often, the attitude is, "Let somebody else take care of it. We aren’t trained and they are."
    Thus, our formal organizations help us to isolate those things we simply don’t want to see. By constructing a formal response, we are able to avoid the whole range of human misery that might otherwise disrupt our personal lives and make us feel very uncomfortable. By letting the formal system take care of terminal cancer patients, drug addicts, severely disfigured individuals, and Alzheimer’s victims, for example, we increase the subjective probability that these hideous things won’t happen to us or to our, loved ones. By distancing ourselves from human frailty and misery, we are then free to pursue our individual goals and objectives — at work and at home — without fear that the same thing might (or will) happen to us.
    Specialized institutions give us the false security of being able to go through life avoiding life’s problems — until we are forced to deal with them. This may be one reason why community based forms of treatment for mental illness, retardation, and juvenile delinquency have so often been opposed by Americans. In too many cases, even where their residents pose little, if any risk, to the neighbors, the thinking is that halfway houses belong on anybody else’s block but mine. [br] The locations of even the cemeteries indicate that ______.
选项 A、middle class suburban areas are always, preferred
B、efforts have been made to make every visit convenient
C、people desire to put problems out of their sight
D、most people don’t like the quietness of rural settings
答案 C
解析 逻辑推理题。第3段最后1句话是：Even cemeteries emerged were typically built some distance from major cities, allowing friends and relatives to pay a visit but only met soft on a limited basis. 意思是，那些特殊机构通常建在较偏僻的地方，这样亲戚朋友就无法经常去看望他们(由于路途比较远)；还有，第4段第1句话是： Remember the cliche, " out of sight, out of mind" ?也就是说：人们根本的动机是眼不见”心不烦。人们通常的态度是：让别人去管吧，我们没受过专门训练，他们受过。所以，C项“人们希望避开与问题的直接面对”正确。A项：中产阶级的郊区地域很受欢迎；B项：为了使每一次的拜访更方便而努力；D项；大多数的人不喜欢城市的快节奏。
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