首页
登录
职称英语
Before discussing the effect of deflation and inflation on the distribution
Before discussing the effect of deflation and inflation on the distribution
游客
2024-06-07
33
管理
问题
Before discussing the effect of deflation and inflation on the distribution of income, it will be useful to define these terms. By inflation we mean a time of generally rising prices of goods and factors of production, such as wages and rents. By deflation we mean a time when most prices and costs are falling. Neither in inflation nor in deflation do prices all move in the same direction or in exactly the same proportion. As a result of changes in relative prices and in total spending, the two processes of inflation and deflation cause definite and characteristic changes in the distribution of income among economic classes.
Unforeseen inflation tends to favor debtors and profit receivers at the expense of creditors and fixed-income receivers. Suppose, for example, you lend $1,000 today and me paid back one year from now. If in the meantime prices have doubled, then your debtor will be paying back only one half as much real purchasing power as you gave him Or consider an American who was earning a fixed rate of 6% yearly on a mortgage prior to World War Ⅱ. After 1939 he found that, as a result of inflation caused by World War Ⅱ, he was not even holding his own as far as real purchasing power of the dollar was concerned. On the other band, one who invests in real estate, in common stocks, or in commodities makes a great profit dining times of unforeseen inflation, when the volume of business sales increases greatly, as do prices, between the time that businesspersons buy and sell their merchandise, fixed or overhead costs remain the same; other costs rise, but not so rapidly as prices. For all these reasons, profits increase--often faster than the cost of living.
In times of deflation, the situation is reversed Creditors and fixed-income receivers tend to gain at the expense of debtors and profit receivers. If prices fall between the time that a creditor lends money and is repaid, then he gets back more purchasing power than he lent. Between the time that a merchant buys and sells goods, he will have to take a loss. The school teacher who keeps his jobs and whose pay is not cut, however, finds that his real income has increased. Likewise, a hoarder who earns no interest on the money she keeps hidden finds the real value of her wealth increasing everyday as prices fall. If prices fall at the rate of 10% a year, she is being rewarded for her antisocial act of hoarding at a 10% rate of interest in real terms, while the businessperson who gives someone a job may find that he can’t even get back his outlay, much less earn a profit. [br] What does the passage mainly discuss?
选项
A、Inflation.
B、Deflation.
C、How to define inflation and deflation.
D、How inflation and deflation cause changes in income distribution.
答案
D
解析
本题是主旨题。D项句意:通货膨胀和紧缩通货如何导致收入分配的变化。这是本文的主要内容,在第—段最后—句表示得很清楚。因此答案应为D项。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3623437.html
相关试题推荐
Ifthedrugproveseffectiveinhumantrials,itcouldenhancetheeffectiveness
【S1】[br]【S6】on→of本句的意思是:“研究表明,改良后的农作物对环境造成的后果并没有像环保主义者所称的那样严重。”effecton意为“对
[audioFiles]audio_eusm_j01_281(20099)[/audioFiles]A、Beforedinner.B、Rightafte
【S1】[br]【S6】on→of本句的意思是:“研究表明,改良后的农作物对环境造成的后果并没有像环保主义者所称的那样严重。”effecton意为“
[originaltext]It’scommonknowledgethatmusiccanhaveapowerfuleffecton
[originaltext]It’scommonknowledgethatmusiccanhaveapowerfuleffecton
[originaltext]It’scommonknowledgethatmusiccanhaveapowerfuleffecton
【S1】[br]【S18】A、thoughB、whileC、beforeD、untilB逻辑衔接题。根据上下文可知,咖啡可以使人文思泉涌的同时,也可
Effectivecommunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartnersif
Effectivecommunicationisrenderedpossiblebetweentwoconversingpartnersif
随机试题
A.littleB.unansweredC.detectD.inevitablyE.deepF.dropG.usele
TheArtofFriendshipMakingFriendsinMidlifeOne
Depressionthatinflictspeoplewhobelievetheirliveslackcontentwhentheru
Achildattheageof4isprobablygoingtoa______schoolinBritain.A、nursery
A—TrafficregulationJ—ZebrastripesB—PoliceboxK
[originaltext]Pianosarenormallyfoundinbuildingforobviousreasons.Ho
A.较早地验证了主要的控制和判断点 B.较早地验证了底层模块 C.测试的并行
A解题指导:本题属于样式类,主要考察了图形样式的运算,第一组图形中,前两个图形线条去同存异得到第三个图形,依照此规律。故答案为A。
水工建筑物场地土地震液化性评判时,不应选用的指标是()。 A.标准贯入锤击数
在气体灭火系统安装工程中,灭火剂输送管道多采用的管材为()。A.直缝焊接钢管
最新回复
(
0
)