首页
登录
职称英语
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches th
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches th
游客
2024-06-07
31
管理
问题
Political institutions develop when the complexity of the society reaches the point at which kinship organization can no longer serve as an adequate mechanism for carrying out the political functions of the society. The following may be identified as political functions: (1) to protect the society from external threats; (2) to insure order in the society; (3) to resolve conflicts within the society, and (4) to allocate resources of the society.
In simple, homogeneous societies there seems to be widespread agreement on the values that underlie solutions to these social requirements. But complexity implies a measure of diversity of interests and values. Consensus cannot be taken for granted, for solutions that benefit one set of interests may have detrimental effects on another. Questions arise to challenge the assumption that there is a common interest and that universally satisfying solutions to problems can be devised: Whose interests need protection from external threats? Whose norms provide the basis for order? Whose interests are served in conflict resolution? Who gets what in resource allocation? Order at which price? Because people at different positions in the social order tend to offer different answers to such questions, choices among alternatives are necessary.
It is obvious, then, that control of the apparatus through which these decisions are made and implemented is of crucial import. The essence of political process is the struggle between individuals and groups with different interests to gain the decision-making power. Power refers to the ability of an individual or group to have its will carried our even in the face of opposition to it. In terms of political functions it means being in a position to determine the answers to questions issuing from social complexity that concern whose interests and values are to be addressed.
Conflict and functional theorists differ in their conceptions of political power. Functionalists assert that only through some concentration of power can collective goals be achieved. They view the state apparatus as a mechanism for accomplishing these positive goals. Conflict theorists, on the other hand, view the state as serving the ruling economic class and see its function as maintaining the dominance of this class. [br] In the last sentence of paragraph 3, "it" refers to ______.
选项
A、political functions
B、the essence of political process
C、power
D、different interests
答案
C
解析
第三段的最后一句中的it指代的是上一句中的power,不是本句开头的Political functions。
转载请注明原文地址:https://tihaiku.com/zcyy/3623334.html
相关试题推荐
InGermany,______.[br]By2030thegovernmentsindevelopedcountriesmayput
AGuidetoJobHuntingDevelopingy
【B1】[br]【B6】[audioFiles]audio_eusm_j01_343(20099)[/audioFiles]developed此处应该填入
TheancientGreeksdevelopedbasicmemorysystemscalledMnemonics.Thename
Thereweretwowidelydivergentinfluencesontheearlydevelopmentofstati
Thereweretwowidelydivergentinfluencesontheearlydevelopmentofstati
Thereweretwowidelydivergentinfluencesontheearlydevelopmentofstati
Theplaceofthechildinsocietyhasvariedforthousandsofyearsandhas
Theplaceofthechildinsocietyhasvariedforthousandsofyearsandhas
Theplaceofthechildinsocietyhasvariedforthousandsofyearsandhas
随机试题
Thisisastoryabout______.[br]IntheendLordNorthwood______.A、orderedPa
Asourbosswasawayonabusinesstrip,Iwasaskedto______theweeklystaff
FactsaboutDepressionInanygivenone-year
SevenWaystoCreateaHappyHouseholdEveryfamilyisd
线性范围测定有多种条件需要满足,但除外A.待测标本的浓度范围要足够大B.待测标本
药品储存应实行色标管理,其中不合格药品的色标为A、黄绿色 B、红色
有关使用无菌手套的叙述,不正确的是A.戴无菌手套时,应先将手洗净擦干 B.戴手
给水管网的维护管理,每月应()。A.对铅封、锁链进行一次检查,当有破坏或损坏时
甲向乙借款100万元,并以价值150万元的自由房屋提供抵押担保。但是,该房屋在抵
(2019年真题)根据税收征收管理法律制度的规定,下列关于税务行政复议管辖的表述
最新回复
(
0
)